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Archive > Volume 16 Issue 2 > 2024,16(2):204-213. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2023.02.006 Prev Next

內(nèi)生真菌在藥用植物非生物脅迫響應(yīng)及中藥品質(zhì)提升中的研究概述

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Roles of endophytic fungi in medicinal plant abiotic stress response and TCM quality development

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    摘要:
    藥用植物在傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)和民族醫(yī)學(xué)中有著悠久的歷史，是植物藥和藥用天然產(chǎn)物的主要來源。然而，它們極易受到極端環(huán)境條件下非生物脅迫的影響，如鹽、重金屬、溫度和水分脅迫等。在脅迫響應(yīng)過程中，藥用植物通常會(huì)啟動(dòng)一系列程序并產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的次生代謝物來抵御上述脅迫，而這些代謝產(chǎn)物往往是用于治療人類疾病的良藥。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，藥用植物與其內(nèi)生真菌可以形成長(zhǎng)期、穩(wěn)定、雙贏的合作共生關(guān)系。內(nèi)生真菌能促進(jìn)藥用植物次生代謝產(chǎn)物的積累，這種密切的共生關(guān)系可以提高宿主植物對(duì)土壤鹽堿化、干旱和極端溫度等非生物脅迫的抗性。同時(shí)，互利共惠的共生關(guān)系也促進(jìn)了植物的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和活性成分的積累。在本文中，我們概述了內(nèi)生真菌可以通過刺激活性化合物積累、減少氧化應(yīng)激和調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞離子平衡等來提高宿主藥用植物對(duì)非生物脅迫的抗性，指出了上述研究的不足和亟待解決的問題，并提出了未來需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的研究方向。本文對(duì)藥用植物內(nèi)生真菌提高宿主抗非生物性脅迫的研究提供了一定的借鑒意義，也為植物在非生物脅迫下活性化合物的積累和藥用部位形態(tài)建成研究提供了的思路和參考。

    Abstract:
    Medicinal plants, as medicinal materials and important drug components, have been used in traditional and folk medicine for ages. However, being sessile organisms, they are seriously affected by extreme environmental conditions and abiotic stresses such as salt, heavy metal, temperature, and water stresses. Medicinal plants usually produce specific secondary metabolites to survive such stresses, and these metabolites can often be used for treating human diseases. Recently, medicinal plants have been found to partner with endophytic fungi to form a long-term, stable, and win–win symbiotic relationship. Endophytic fungi can promote secondary metabolite accumulation in medicinal plants. The close relationship can improve host plant resistance to the abiotic stresses of soil salinity, drought, and extreme temperatures. Their symbiosis also sheds light on plant growth and active compound production. Here, we show that endophytic fungi can improve the host medicinal plant resistance to abiotic stress by regulating active compounds, reducing oxidative stress, and regulating the cell ion balance. We also identify the deficiencies and burning issues of available studies and present promising research topics for the future. This review provides guidance for endophytic fungi research to improve the ability of medicinal plants to resist abiotic stress. It also suggests ideas and methods for active compound accumulation in medicinal plants and medicinal material development during the response to abiotic stress.

    關(guān)鍵詞:
    非生物脅迫;活性化合物;內(nèi)生真菌;藥用植物;藥用部位形態(tài)建成

    Keywords:


    Project Supported:
    This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82003896, 81673528), Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. LQ21H280003), Young Innovative Talents Project of Zhejiang Medical Health Science and Technology (No. 2022RC052), and Talent Projects of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (No. 2021ZR09).

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