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Archive > Volume 16 Issue 3 > 2024,16(3):375-391. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.007 Prev Next

靈芝孢子油的生物活性成分、藥理及其作用機(jī)制研究進(jìn)展

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Bioactive components, pharmacological properties and underlying mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil: A review

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    摘要:
    靈芝是一種中國藥用真菌，在醫(yī)療保健和疾病治療方面有著悠久的歷史。靈芝孢子(GLS)是蘑菇帽在生長成熟階段釋放出來的微小生殖細(xì)胞，含有靈芝的所有遺傳活性物質(zhì)。靈芝孢子油(GLSO)是利用超臨界CO2萃取技術(shù)從破壁靈芝孢子中提取的一種脂類成分，含有脂肪酸、靈芝三萜、甾醇等生物活性化合物。以往的研究表明，GLSO具有廣泛的藥理作用，包括抗腫瘤、抗衰老、神經(jīng)保護(hù)、免疫調(diào)節(jié)、護(hù)肝和調(diào)節(jié)代謝性疾病等。本文從GLSO的生物活性成分、提取加工工藝、藥理作用及安全性評價(jià)等方面，綜述了近20年來GLSO的研究進(jìn)展，為GLSO的進(jìn)一步研究和應(yīng)用提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

    Abstract:
    Ganoderma lucidum is a Chinese medicinal fungus with a long history of use in healthcare and disease treatment. G. lucidum spores (GLS) are tiny germ cells released from the mushroom cap during the mature stage of growth. They contain all the genetic active substances of G. lucidum. G. lucidum spore oil (GLSO) is a lipid component extracted from broken-walled Ganoderma spores using supercritical CO2 extraction technology. GLSO contains fatty acids, Ganoderma triterpenes, sterols and other bioactive compounds. Previous studies have demonstrated that GLSO has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor, anti-aging, neuroprotection, immunomodulation, hepatoprotection and modulation of metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the research progress of GLSO over the past two decades in terms of its bioactive components, extraction and processing techniques, pharmacological effects and safety evaluation. This provides a solid foundation for further research and application of GLSO.

    關(guān)鍵詞:
    抗衰老;抗腫瘤;生物活性成分;靈芝孢子油;護(hù)肝;免疫調(diào)節(jié);藥理作用

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    Project Supported:
    The work was supported by Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou (No. 201610010113), the Open Research Fund of NMPA Key Laboratory for Rapid Testing Technology of Drugs, Guangdong Institute for Drug Control (No. KF2022002, KF2022006) and Research Project of Chinese Medicine in TCM Bureau of Guangdong Province (No. 20231202). We thank Jinfang Ma and Fengjuan Jiang from Shenzhen JustHerb Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. for the help in supplying the GLSO.

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