血栓性疾病包含血栓形成和血栓栓塞所引起的疾病，又稱血栓栓塞性疾病，是人類常見的多發(fā)病，嚴重危害人類的健康，是現(xiàn)代社會主要的致死性疾病之一?？鼓幬锸峭ㄟ^影響凝血過程中的某些影響因子來阻止血液凝固，從而起到預防與治療血栓栓塞性疾病的作用。多肽等蛋白類抗凝血藥見效快、不良反應小，是今后抗凝藥研究的重點。對抗凝血多肽等蛋白類抗凝藥物進行了評述。

Thrombotic disease,caused by thrombosis and thromboembolism, was also called thromboembolic disease, which is a common frequently-occurring disease. It is seriously harmful to human health and is one of the major causes of death in modern society. Anticoagulant drugs prevent blood clotting by influencing some impact factors in the blood coagulation process, and play an important role in prevention and treatment of the thromboembolic disease. Biological anticoagulant drugs, for example polypeptide, which have many advantages such as taking quickly effect but low side effects, are mostly becoming the emphasis in the study on anticoagulants. In this paper, several anticoagulant polypeptides and biological kinds of anticoagulation drugs have been reviewed.