目的 對百色市人民醫(yī)院燒傷病房患者感染致病菌的分布特點(diǎn)及耐藥情況進(jìn)行分析，為臨床合理選用抗菌藥提供依據(jù)。方法 回顧性調(diào)查分析2008—2012年百色市人民醫(yī)院燒傷住院患者分離病原菌的菌群分布及及耐藥情況。結(jié)果 共檢出506株病原菌，其中革蘭陰性桿菌325株，占64.2%，主要為銅綠假單胞菌、大腸埃希菌、鮑氏不動桿菌和陰溝腸桿菌；革蘭陽性球菌161株，占31.8%，主要為金黃色葡萄球和腸球菌；真菌20株占4.0%，主要為白色假絲酵母菌。金黃色葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的檢出率為88.6%；超廣譜β-內(nèi)酰胺酶（ESBLs）在肺炎克雷伯菌和大腸埃希菌中的檢出率分別為64.0%、43.1%。藥物敏感實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示，各檢出菌具有多藥耐藥性，革蘭陽性菌對萬古霉素敏感，革蘭陰性菌對亞胺培南敏感，兩者均對頭孢菌素類耐藥率較高。結(jié)論 百色市人民醫(yī)院燒傷病房患者感染的病原菌以革蘭陰性桿菌為主，主要致病菌對常用抗菌藥物耐藥情況嚴(yán)重，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)其病原菌分布及耐藥性動態(tài)監(jiān)測，以指導(dǎo)臨床進(jìn)行合理規(guī)范的抗感染治療。

Objective To analyze the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance in burn wards of People’s Hospital of Baise City, which could provide the certain reference for using the drugs reasonably. Methods The clinical data of pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance from 2008 to 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Results Totally 506 strains of bacteria were isolated, including 325 (64.2%) strains of Gram-negative bacilli among which Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Enterobacter cloacae were dominant; 161 (31.8%) stains of Gram-positive bacilli among which Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus were dominant; 20 (4.0%) stains of fungi among which Candida albicans was dominant. The detection rate of meticillin-resistanct Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 88.6% in Staphylococcus aureus stains; the detection rate of the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) from the Klebsiella pneumoniae and the Escherichia coli was 64.0% and 43.1%, respectively. Drug susceptibility testing showed that various detectable bacteria possessed multi-drug resistance, Gram-positive bacilli were sensitive to Vancomycin, Gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to imipenem, and the pathogenic bacteria were resistant to the first generation of cephalosporins. Conclusion The bacterial infection in the burn wards in People’s Hospital of Baise City is mainly Gram-negative bacilli, and with serious drug resistance to antibiotics which are commonly used. Doctors should strengthen the detecting of pathogens and monitoring of bacterial drug resistance, so as to guide the clinical anti-infectious treatment reasonably and normatively.