目的 調(diào)查分析天津市寶坻區(qū)人民醫(yī)院泌尿系感染的病原菌分布及其對抗菌藥物的耐藥情況，為臨床合理應(yīng)用抗生素提供依據(jù)。方法 回顧性分析2009—2012年1 170株尿液培養(yǎng)陽性病原菌的鑒定及藥敏結(jié)果。結(jié)果 共分離出1 170株病原菌，其中，以大腸埃希菌檢出率最高，為43.9%（514/1 170）；糞腸球菌、念珠菌、凝固酶陰性葡萄球菌檢出率分別為12.2%、9.4%、7.7%。大腸埃希菌對氨芐西林、頭孢他啶、頭孢吡肟、左氧氟沙星、頭孢噻肟的耐藥率達40%～90%；腸球菌主要對四環(huán)素、氯霉素、青霉素耐藥。結(jié)論 大腸埃希菌是泌尿系感染最常見的病原菌，其次為糞腸球菌；尿路感染病原菌對常用抗菌藥物耐藥性較高，應(yīng)加強細菌耐藥性的動態(tài)監(jiān)測，為臨床醫(yī)師合理使用抗菌藥物提供科學依據(jù)。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of urinary tract infection pathogen in People's Hospital of Baodi District in Tianjin, in order to provide the reliable basis for clinical rational use of drug. Methods Identification of urine culture positive pathogen (1 170) and susceptibility results from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Results All of 1 170 bacteria were separated, and the main strain was Escherichia coli, which accounted for 43.9% (514/1 170). The detection rates of enterococcus faecalis, candida, and coagulase-negative staphylococci were 12.2%, 9.4%, and 7.7%. E. coli kept low sensibility to Ampicillin, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Levofloxacin, and Cefotaxime, and the resistance rates were 40%—90%; enterococcus faecalis was resistant to Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, and Penicillin. Conclusion E. coli is the most common pathogen of urinary tract infection, followed by enterococcus faecalis. The pathogens of urinary tract infection have high drug resistance to commonly used antimicrobials, so we should strengthen the dynamic monitoring on drug resistance of bacteria, in order to provide the scientific basis for the clinical rational usage of antimicrobial drug.