目的 評價吸煙致細胞毒性和DNA損傷以及黃酮類成分黃芩素、槲皮素、丹參素鈉的保護作用。方法 以自動吸煙機按照FTC協(xié)議吸煙產(chǎn)生的主流煙霧在線染毒B-16細胞和人頰黏膜細胞兩種真核細胞，通過MTT比色法和單細胞凝膠電泳法檢測吸煙所致的細胞毒性和DNA損傷，并考察黃芩素、槲皮素、丹參素鈉的保護作用。結果 吸煙可致體外培養(yǎng)的B-16細胞活力明顯下降，兩種細胞的DNA明顯損傷。隨著煙氣作用時間的延長，表征細胞內DNA損傷程度的彗星尾矩、Olive尾矩都有增加；1 mmol/L槲皮素、黃芩素和丹參素均可明顯緩解吸煙引起的細胞毒性和DNA損傷，對B-16細胞的活力提升50%左右，對人頰黏膜細胞的DNA保護效果超過60%。結論 吸煙可致細胞毒性和細胞DNA損傷，但是黃酮類成分黃芩素、槲皮素、丹參素鈉均對細胞和DNA具有保護作用。

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of flavonoid components baicalein, quercetin or sodium danshensu on cytotoxicity and cellular DNA damage induced by cigarette smoke. Methods Two kinds of eukaryotic cells B-16 cells and oral buccal mucosal cells in liquid were attacked by the mainstream smoke produced via on-line cigarette smoking according to FTC with or without baicalein, quercetin or sodium danshensu. The cytotoxicity and cellular DNA damage were respectively assessed by MTT method and single cell gel electrophoresis. Results The cytotoxicity of B-16 cells and DNA damage of two kinds of cells induced by on-line cigarette smoking were obvious. A positive relationship was observed between the exposure time in smoke and the tail moment and olive tail moment of comet cells. Baicalein, quercetin, or sodium danshensu (1 mmol/L) could relieve the cytotoxicity by about 50% and decrease the DNA damage by more than 60%. Conclusion There is a positive relationship between the exposure of cells in smoke and the cellular DNA damage, and the flavonoid components baicalein, quercetin, or sodium danshensu have a protective effect against the genotoxicity of cigarette smoke.

國家自然科學基金資助項目（81302741）