目的 對(duì)亞硒酸鈉誘導(dǎo)白內(nèi)障大鼠采用N-乙酰半胱氨酸進(jìn)行預(yù)防性治療，探討N-乙酰半胱氨酸對(duì)白內(nèi)障大鼠模型氧化損傷和晶狀體渾濁程度的影響。方法 30只SD乳鼠隨機(jī)分為3組，模型組ip 3.46 mg/kg亞硒酸鈉溶液造模后，ip 0.1 mL/10 g生理鹽水；實(shí)驗(yàn)組ip N-乙酰半胱氨酸10 mg/g，30 min ip亞硒酸鈉溶液造模；對(duì)照組ip 0.1 mL/10 g生理鹽水。所有動(dòng)物均為隔日注射，連續(xù)6次。比較大鼠晶狀體渾濁程度和SOD活性、NOS活性和MDA水平。結(jié)果 在晶狀體核區(qū)、后囊區(qū)、前囊區(qū)+后囊區(qū)、前囊區(qū)+皮質(zhì)區(qū)+核區(qū)+后囊區(qū)中，實(shí)驗(yàn)組與模型組比較得分差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；實(shí)驗(yàn)組SOD活性和MDA活性與模型組比較差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 N-乙酰半胱氨酸能夠預(yù)防后囊和核區(qū)白內(nèi)障的發(fā)生，其作用是通過減少M(fèi)DA水平、提高SOD活性、改善氧化應(yīng)激實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

Objective To use N-acetylcysteine for preventive treatment of cataract in rats induced by sodium selenite, and to investigate the preventive effect of N-acetylcysteine on oxidative damage and degree of lens opacity in cataract model of rats. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, the rats in model group were ip injected with 3.46 mg/kg sodium selenite for modeling, then 0.1 mL/10 g ip injection of physiological saline; The rats in experimental group received ip injection of N-acetylcysteine 10 mg/g, 30 min ip injection of sodium selenite for modeling; The rats in control group were ip injected with 0.1 mL/10 g of saline. All rats were injected every other day, 6 times in a row. The lens turbidity degree, SOD activity, NOS activity, and MDA level of rats were compared. Results In the lens nucleus, posterior capsule, anterior capsular area + posterior capsular area, anterior capsular area, and cortex + core + posterior capsule area, the difference of score of the experimental group between the model group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the difference of SOD and MDA activity of the experiment group was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion N-acetylcysteine can prevent posterior and nucleus cataract, and its mechanism may be realized by reducing the content of MDA, increasing the activity of SOD, and improving the oxidative stress.