目的 探討胸腺肽α₁對乙型肝炎肝硬化并發(fā)自發(fā)性細菌性腹膜炎（SBP）的臨床療效。方法 選取2011年2月-2013年10月在西安市唐都醫(yī)院治療的乙型肝炎肝硬化并發(fā)SBP患者96例，隨機分為治療組（48例）和對照組（48例）。對照組給予抗感染治療，口服頭孢曲松鈉片，0.25 g/次，4次/d；另給予清蛋白、血漿等對癥支持治療，除此之外不使用其他免疫調(diào)解藥物和抗病毒藥物。治療組在對照組基礎(chǔ)上sc注射用胸腺肽α₁ 1.6 mg/次，隔天1次。兩組均連續(xù)治療3周。結(jié)果 治療后，兩組血白細胞、血中性粒細胞比例、腹水白細胞均較治療前明顯下降，同組治療前后差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；治療后，治療組這3項觀察指標均明顯低于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組丙氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶（ALT）、門冬氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶（AST）、總膽紅素（TBIL）、總蛋白（TP）均較治療前明顯下降，治療前后差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；治療后，治療組這些觀察指標均明顯低于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療組治療后體溫恢復(fù)時間、腹水消失時間、腹水常規(guī)正常時間、腹水培養(yǎng)陰性時間、腹部壓痛消失時間均低于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，治療組和對照組的總有效率分別為87.5%、66.7%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，治療組CD³⁺、CD⁴⁺、CD⁴⁺/CD⁸⁺和NK細胞比例均較治療前明顯升高，治療前后差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；治療后，治療組這些觀察指標均明顯高于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 胸腺肽α₁對乙型肝炎肝硬化并發(fā)SBP有較好的臨床療效，可以調(diào)節(jié)患者的機體免疫功能，促進肝功能恢復(fù)，具有良好的臨床推廣價值。

Objective To explore the curative effect of thymosin α₁ in treatment of hepatitis B cirrhosis complicated with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Methods Patients (96 cases) with hepatitis B cirrhosis complicated with SBP for the treatment in Xi'an Tangdu Hospital from February 2011 to October 2013 were randomly divided into treatment (48 cases) and control (48 cases) groups. The patients in the control group were given anti-infection treatment, and po administered with Ceftriaxone Sodium Tablets, 0.25 g/time, four times one day. They were given other support treatment such as plasma and albumin, and other immune mediation and antiviral drugs were not used. The patients in the treatment group weresc administered with thymosin α₁ for injection on the basis of the control group, 1.6 mg/time, once every other day. The patients in two groups were treated for three weeks. Results After treatment, blood leukocytes, proportion of neutrophils, and ascites cells in two groups were significantly decreased, with statistically significant difference before and after treatment in the same group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the three indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, ALT, AST, TBIL, and TP in two groups significantly decreased, with statistically significant difference before and after treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, those indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, time of body temperature recovery, ascites disappearing time, ascites conventional normal time, ascites culture negative time, and abdominal tenderness disappearing time were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant difference before and after treatment (P < 0.05). The efficacies on the patients in the treatment and control groups were 87.5% and 66.7%, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the proportion of CD³⁺, CD⁴⁺, CD⁴⁺/CD⁸⁺, and NK cells in the treatment group significantly decreased, with statistically significant difference before and after treatment in the same group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Thymosin α₁ has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of hepatitis B cirrhosis complicated with SBP, and can adjust the immune function and promote liver function recovery, which is worthy of clinical application.