目的 觀察異丙托溴銨霧化液聯(lián)合3%高滲鹽水輔助治療小兒毛細支氣管炎的臨床療效。方法 選取2010年1月-2013年10月諸城市婦幼保健院收治的毛細支氣管炎患兒168例，隨機分為對照組和治療組，每組各84例。所有患兒常規(guī)性進行吸氧、抗病毒、抗炎、止咳、退熱、化痰及激素治療。對照組在常規(guī)性治療基礎(chǔ)上霧化吸入3%高滲鹽水，3 mL/次，3～4次/d。治療組霧化吸入異丙托溴銨霧化液聯(lián)合3%高滲鹽水，3 mL/次，3～4次/d。兩組均持續(xù)治療14 d。觀察兩組的臨床療效，比較兩組患兒喘憋消失時間，哮鳴音消失時間，肺部X線影像好轉(zhuǎn)時間和住院時間。結(jié)果 治療組和對照組的總有效率分別為95.24%、84.52%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，治療組喘憋消失、哮鳴音消失、肺部X線影像好轉(zhuǎn)及住院時間均顯著短于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 異丙托溴銨霧化液聯(lián)合3%高滲鹽水輔助治療小兒毛細支氣管炎具有較好的臨床療效，可明顯改善患兒的癥狀、體征，值得臨床推廣應(yīng)用。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of ipratropium bromide aerosol liquid combined with 3% hypertonic saline in adjuvant treatment of infantile capillary bronchiolitis. Methods Infantile capillary bronchiolitis patients (168 cases) of Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Zhucheng City from January 2010 to October 2013 were randomly divided into treatment and control groups, and each group had 84 cases. The patients in both the groups received the conventional therapy such as regularly taking oxygen, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cough, anti-fever, eliminating phlegm, and hormone treatment. Patients in the control group were given atomization inhalation 3% hypertonic saline, 3 mL/time, 3-4 times daily. Patients in the treatment group were given atomization inhalation ipratropium bromide aerosol liquid combined with 3% hypertonic saline, 3 mL/time, 3-4 times daily. Two groups were treated for 14 d. The total clinical efficacy was observed, and disappeared time of breath holding and expiratory phase wheezing sound, situation of X-ray examination, and the duration of hospital stay in the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rates of the pai\tients in the treatment and control groups were 95.24% and 84.52%, respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the disappeared time of breath holding and expiratory phase wheezing sound, recovery time of X-ray, and the duration of hospital stay in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ipratropium bromide aerosol liquid combined with 3% hypertonic saline has a good clinical efficacy in the adjuvant treatment of infantile capillary bronchiolitis, and can significantly improve the symptoms and signs of patients, which is worthy of clinical application.

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（30973622）