目的 探討孟魯司特納咀嚼片治療小兒支氣管哮喘的臨床療效。方法 選取2013年1月-12月延安大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院收治的小兒支氣管哮喘患者97例，隨機(jī)分為治療組（49例）和對照組（48例），兩組患兒均給予常規(guī)平喘、止咳治療，治療組給予孟魯司特鈉咀嚼片，5 mg/次，每晚一次。對照組給予富馬酸酮替芬分散片，1 mg/次，2次/d。兩組分別治療1個月。觀察兩組的臨床療效，同時觀察兩組一秒鐘用力呼氣量（FEV₁）/用力肺活量（FVC）、呼氣高峰流量（PEFR）、腫瘤壞死因子（TNF-α）、白介素-5（IL-5）、生活質(zhì)量評分的變化，比較兩組患者臨床癥狀、體征的消失時間和不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果 治療組和對照組的總有效率分別為91.84%、72.92%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒的生活質(zhì)量評分均較治療前顯著提高，同組治療前后差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05），治療組明顯高于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組肺功能指標(biāo)（FEV₁/FVC、PEFR）較治療前有顯著提高，且治療組明顯高于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒氣道炎癥因子TNF-α、IL-5均顯著降低，治療組明顯低于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 孟魯司特鈉咀嚼片對小兒支氣管哮喘有較好的臨床療效，可顯著改善患兒的臨床癥狀，值得臨床推廣使用。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets in the treatment of infantile bronchial asthma. Methods Infantile bronchial asthma patients (97 cases) in Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University from January to December, 2013 were randomly divided into treatment (49 cases) and control (48 cases) groups. The patients in both the groups received the conventional therapy such as antiasthmatic and antitussive therapy. Patients in the treatment group were given Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets, 5 mg/time, once every night. Patients in the control group were given Ketotifen Fumarate Dispersible Tablets, 1 mg/time, twice daily. All the patients were treated continuously for 1 month. The total clinical efficacy was observed, including the changes of FEV₁/FVC, PEFR, TNF-α, IL-5, and score of quality life. Disappeared time of clinical symptoms and signs and situation of adverse drug reactions in the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rates of the treatment and control groups were 91.84% and 72.92%, respectively, with the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the score of quality life was higher than that before the treatment in the two groups, and the differences were statistically significant in the same group before and after the treatment (P < 0.05, 0.01). The score in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group, with the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the lung function indexes (FEV₁/FVC, PEFR) were more significantly improved than before the treatment, and the indexes in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the TNF-α and IL-5 were significantly lower than before the treatment, and the TNF-α and IL-5 in the treatment group was lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of infantile bronchial asthma, and can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of children, which is worthy of clinical application.