目的 調(diào)查天津市第一中心醫(yī)院2013年老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）住院患者抗菌藥物的用藥規(guī)律及特點，為臨床合理應(yīng)用抗菌藥物提供理論依據(jù)。方法 對天津市第一中心醫(yī)院2013年出院主要診斷為慢性阻塞性肺疾?。–OPD）伴有急性加重的老年患者的抗菌藥物應(yīng)用情況進(jìn)行回顧性分析。結(jié)果 抗菌藥共涉及8類34種，合計使用335例次，使用頻率較高的主要有β-內(nèi)酰胺類191例次（57.01%），喹諾酮類78例次（23.28%），抗真菌藥41例次（12.24%）。221例使用抗菌藥物的患者中，單用一種抗菌藥物的為181例（81.90%），兩種抗菌藥物聯(lián)合應(yīng)用的34例（15.38%），三聯(lián)使用的7例（3.17%）。藥敏結(jié)果顯示多數(shù)主要革蘭陰性菌和革蘭陽性菌對臨床常用抗生素均有不同程度耐藥。結(jié)論 天津市第一中心醫(yī)院老年AECOPD住院患者抗菌藥物的應(yīng)用基本合理，能根據(jù)藥敏結(jié)果及時調(diào)整藥物。

Objective To investigate the medication rules and characteristic of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2013 in Tianjin First Central Hospital, so as to provide theoretical evidence for the rational usage of antiviral drugs. Methods Usage situation of antiviral drugs for elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2013 in Tianjin First Central Hospital was reviewed retrospectively. Results Antiviral drugs involved 8 class 34 species, combined with 335 times. There were 191 cases (57.01%) in β-lactams, 78 cases (23.28%) in quinolones, 41 cases (12.24%) in antifungal drugs with higher frequency of use. In 221 patients using antiviral drugs, 181 cases (81.90%) only used one kinds of antifungal drugs, and 34 cases (15.38%) used two kinds of antifungal drugs. While 7 cases (3.17%) used three kinds of antifungal drugs. The susceptibility tests showed most Gram-negative bacilliand Gram-positive bacilliwere more or less drug resistant to common antibiotics. Conclusion In Tianjin First Central Hospital, the utilization of antibiotics is basically reasonable, and the utilization can be adjusted in time according to drug sensitivity.