目的 調(diào)查2011—2014年冀中能源峰峰集團有限公司總醫(yī)院兒科住院抗菌藥物處方不合理用藥的情況，為促進臨床合理應(yīng)用抗菌藥物提供依據(jù)。方法 抽取2011年—2014年冀中能源峰峰集團有限公司總醫(yī)院兒科住院抗菌藥物處方10 000張，對不合理用藥情況進行回顧性分析。結(jié)果 不合理抗菌用藥處方1 037張，占抗菌藥物處方總數(shù)的10.37%；兒科住院抗菌藥物處方不合理用藥情況主要體現(xiàn)在療程不當、給藥頻次不合理以及溶媒選擇不當，分別占不合理用藥處方的23.82%、21.31%、17.74%；頭孢類和青霉素類應(yīng)用較多，而不合理用藥處方率僅為7.20%、6.04%；應(yīng)用較少的大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類、碳青霉烯類等不合理用藥處方率較高，分別為21.65%、18.97%；并且聯(lián)合用藥品種數(shù)越多，不合理用藥的發(fā)生率就越高。結(jié)論 冀中能源峰峰集團有限公司總醫(yī)院兒科住院患者抗菌藥物應(yīng)用基本合理，但仍存在諸多不合理用藥現(xiàn)象，需進一步加強管理和處方點評力度。

Objective To investigate the conditions of unreasonable medicine used for antibiotics in Pediatric Inpatient Department of General Hospital of Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group Co., Ltd. from 2011 to 2014, in order to provide a basis for promoting the clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods By extracting 10 000 pediatric inpatient antibiotic prescriptions in Pediatric Inpatient Department of General Hospital of Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group Co., Ltd. from 2011 to 2014, the conditions of unreasonable use of antibiotics were recorded and investigated. Results There were 1 037 unreasonable antibiotic prescriptions which accounted for 10.37% of the samples. The main types of unreasonable medicine were improper period of treatment, unreasonable frequency of drug administration, and improper choice of solvent, which respectively accounted for 23.82%, 21.31%, and 17.74%. Cephalosporins and penicillins were used more often, but unreasonable prescription rates were 7.20% and 6.04%; while the unreasonable prescription rates of using macrolides and carbapenems antibiotics were relatively higher, which were 21.65% and 18.97%. And the more the number of combined drugs, the higher the rate of unreasonable antibiotic prescriptions is. Conclusion Although the application of antibiotics is basically reasonable in Pediatric Inpatient Department of General Hospital of Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group Co., Ltd., there is also some phenomenon of many unreasonable medicines, which needed further efforts to strengthen the management and prescription review.