目的 探討分析危重和普通肺部感染新生兒的病原菌和藥敏的結果,為進一步臨床治療提供依據。方法 選取菏澤市牡丹區(qū)中心醫(yī)院新生兒科2011年4月—2014年4月收治的126例肺部感染患兒,依據患兒病情狀況分為危重組與普通組,每組各63例。入院后對患兒的下呼吸道痰液進行細菌培養(yǎng)和藥敏試驗。比較兩組患兒的病原菌以及藥敏結果。結果 危重組及普通組致病菌均以革蘭陰性菌為主,但危重組革蘭陰性桿菌比例顯著高于普通組;革蘭陽性菌中,構成比位列首位的為金黃色葡萄球菌。藥敏結果顯示危重組的大腸埃希菌、銅綠假單胞菌、鮑曼不動桿菌絕大多數為多重耐藥菌;來源不同的同一細菌對同一抗生素的敏感率各不相同,危重組的較普通組敏感率普遍降低。結論 新生兒肺部感染病原菌主要為革蘭陰性菌,耐藥性較高,且呈多重耐藥的菌株日趨增加,應引起重視,臨床治療中合理選用抗感染藥物極為重要。

Objective To investigate the pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity analysis of critical and normal neonates with pulmonary infection, and provides basis for further clinical treatment. Methods Neonates (126 cases) with pulmonary infection in department of neonatology in Central Hospital of Mudan District Heze City from April 2011 to April 2014 were divided into critical and common groups based on the disease status. Each had 63 cases. After admission, bacterial cultivation and drug-sensitivity test of sputum in lower respiratory tract of neonates were carried. Pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity results were compared between two groups. Results Most of pathogenic bacteria in critical and common group were Gram-negative bacilli, but the proportion of Gram-negative bacilli in critical group was significantly higher than that in common group. The top ratio of Gram-positive bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus. The drug sensitivity results showed the vast majority of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii in critical group were multidrug resistant bacteria. The sensitive rates of the same bacteria from different sources were different. The sensitive rates of critical group were lower than those of common group. Conclusion Most of pathogenic bacteria of neonates with pulmonary infection are Gram-negative bacilli with higher resistance, and multidrug resistant strains is increasing. It should be paid more attention to the rational use of anti-infective drugs in clinical treatment.