目的 分析2010-2014年解放軍三一六醫(yī)院念珠菌的分布及耐藥性,為臨床治療念珠菌感染提供依據(jù)。方法 對(duì)2010年1月-2014年12月解放軍三一六醫(yī)院分離出的913株念珠菌的菌種分布和耐藥性進(jìn)行回顧性分析。結(jié)果 分離得到的913株念珠菌主要來(lái)自于內(nèi)科住院患者,最常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)本來(lái)源是痰液,構(gòu)成比為89.1%;最常見(jiàn)的念珠菌是白色念珠菌,共分離到712株,占所有菌株的78.0%,其次是光滑念珠菌、熱帶念珠菌和克柔念珠菌,分別占所有菌株的10.8%、4.9%、4.5%。念珠菌感染患者中性別分布并無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,但65歲以上患者所占比例顯著高于65歲以下患者所占比例(P<0.001)。藥敏結(jié)果顯示主要的念珠菌對(duì)5-氟胞嘧啶、兩性霉素B和制霉菌素均有較高的敏感率,而對(duì)氟康唑、特比奈芬、伊曲康唑和伏立康唑的耐藥率較高。結(jié)論 念珠菌感染應(yīng)該合理規(guī)范選用抗真菌藥物,防止耐藥念珠菌的出現(xiàn)。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of Candida sp. in 316 Hospital of PLA from 2010 to 2014 and to provide the basis for clinical treatment. Methods The distribution and drug resistance of Candida sp. in 316 Hospital of PLA from January 2010 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 913 strains of Candida sp. were isolated, and most of them were isolated from medical patients. Candida sp. was isolated mainly from sputum samples, and the constituent ratio was 89.2%. C. albicans (712 strains) predominated in the strains and constituted 78%. Followed by C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei, and accounted for 10.8%, 4.9%, and 4.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between different genders, but significant higher incidence of candidiasis was found in adults aged ≥ 65 years old than adults aged < 65 years old (P < 0.001). Susceptibility test results showed that main Candida sp. was sensitive to 5-flucytosine, amphotericin B, and nystatin, and the resistance rates of Candida sp. against fluconazole, terbinafine, itraconazole, and voriconazole were relatively high. Conclusion The infection of Candida sp. should be rational and standardized treatment with antifungal drugs to prevent the emergence of drug resistance.