目的 了解天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布及細(xì)菌耐藥情況,為臨床合理用藥提供依據(jù)。方法 對2015年天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院分離下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布及藥敏結(jié)果進(jìn)行回顧性分析。結(jié)果 共分離病原菌662株,其中革蘭陰性菌504株,占76.13%;革蘭陽性菌60株,占9.06%;真菌98株,占14.80%。主要革蘭陰性菌對美羅培南的敏感率均達(dá)82%以上,不同的菌株對同種抗菌藥物的敏感率不同;不論是革蘭陰性菌還是革蘭陽性菌普遍出現(xiàn)了多重耐藥現(xiàn)象。白假絲酵母菌對兩性霉素B、5-氟胞嘧啶、氟康唑、伊曲康唑和伏立康唑的敏感率均達(dá)到98%以上。結(jié)論 下呼吸道感染以革蘭陰性菌為主,不同菌株對不同抗生素的耐藥性也不同,臨床應(yīng)及時了解病原菌分布及耐藥情況,合理使用抗菌藥物。

Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance analysis of pathogenic bacteria causing lower respiratory tract infection in Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods The distribution and drug resistance analysis of pathogenic bacteria causing lower respiratory tract infection in Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM in 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Total 662 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which Gram-negative bacteria were 504 strains (76.13%). Gram-positive bacteria (60 strains) accounted for 9.06%. While there were also 98 strains of fungus (14.80%) isolated. The sensitive rate of main Gram-negative bacteria against meropenem was above 82%. Different bacteria had different sensitive rates against the same antibacterial drug. And Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria generally had the phenomenon of multiple drug resistance. The sensitive rates of Candida albicans against amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole were above 98%. Conclusion The main pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infection is Gram-negative bacteria. The different drug resistance exists in different kinds of bacteria. The physician should understand local pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance timely, in order to guide the clinical empirical use of antibacterial drugs.

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