目的 探討硫酸鎂聯(lián)合噻托溴銨治療兒童喘息性疾病的療效觀察。方法 收集2015年1月—2016年1月于重慶市沙坪壩區(qū)婦幼保健計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)中心兒科就診的喘息性疾病患兒80例，隨機(jī)分為對照組和治療組，每組各40例。對照組使用藥粉吸入器吸入噻托溴銨粉霧劑，18 μg/次，1次/d。治療組在對照組治療基礎(chǔ)上靜脈滴注硫酸鎂注射液，0.2～0.3 mL/kg加入5%葡糖糖注射液，稀釋成1%的硫酸鎂注射液靜脈滴入，1次/d。兩組均連續(xù)治療7 d。觀察兩組的臨床療效，同時(shí)比較兩組治療前后氧分壓（pO₂）、二氧化碳分壓（pCO₂）、血氧飽和度（SO2）、一秒用力呼氣容積（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、FEV₁占預(yù)計(jì)值的百分比（FEV₁%Pred）、達(dá)峰時(shí)間的變化情況。結(jié)果 治療后，對照組和治療組的總有效率分別為72.5%、97.5%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組FEV₁、FVC、FEV₁%Pred/%、達(dá)峰時(shí)間、pO₂、和SO2顯著升高，pCO₂顯著降低，同組治療前后差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05），且治療組這些觀察指標(biāo)的改善程度優(yōu)于對照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 硫酸鎂聯(lián)合噻托溴銨治療兒童喘息性疾病具有較好的臨床療效，可顯著改善患兒的肺功能和血?dú)庵笜?biāo)，且安全性高，具有一定的臨床推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

Objective To investigate the effect of magnesium sulfate combined with tiotropium bromide in treatment of children with asthmatic diseases. Methods Patients (80 cases) with asthmatic diseases in Department of Pediatrics of Maternal and Child Health Care Family Planning Service Center of Shapingba District of Chongqing from January 2015 to January 2016 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups. Each group had 40 cases. The patients in the control group were inhal administered with Tiotropium Bromide Powder for Inhalation by powder inhaler, 18 μg/time, once daily. The patients in the treatment group were iv administered with Magnesium Sulfate Injection on the basis of the control group, 0.2-0.3 mL/kg added into 5% sugar glucose injection which was diluted into 1% Magnesium Sulfate Injection, once daily. The patients in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and the changes of pO₂, pCO₂, SO2, FEV₁, FVC, FEV₁%Pred, and TPTEF in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the total efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 72.5% and 97.5%, respectively, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, FEV₁, FVC, FEV₁%Pred/%, TPTEF, pO₂, and SO2 in two groups were significantly increased, and pCO₂ was significantly decreased, the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Magnesium sulfate combined with tiotropium bromide has clinical curative effect in treatment of children with asthmatic diseases, and can significantly improve the lung function and blood gas indexes with high safety, which has a certain clinical application value.