目的 探究細(xì)菌溶解產(chǎn)物膠囊聯(lián)合匹多莫德治療兒童反復(fù)呼吸道感染的臨床療效。方法 選取2014年6月—2015年1月在鄂州市婦幼保健院兒科接受治療的反復(fù)呼吸道感染患兒88例為研究對(duì)象，根據(jù)治療方案的不同分為對(duì)照組和治療組，每組各44例。對(duì)照組口服匹多莫德顆粒，400 mg/次，2次/d，治療2周后調(diào)整為1次/d。治療組在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上口服細(xì)菌溶解產(chǎn)物膠囊，1粒/d，連用10 d，停用20 d，循環(huán)3次。兩組患者連續(xù)治療3個(gè)月，并隨訪6個(gè)月。觀察兩組的臨床療效，比較兩組患兒的血清細(xì)胞因子水平、體液免疫功能。結(jié)果 治療后，對(duì)照組和治療組的總有效率分別為81.82%、95.45%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒白細(xì)胞介素-6（IL-6）、白細(xì)胞介素-10（IL-10）水平顯著降低，而白細(xì)胞介素-12（IL-12）、γ-干擾素（IFN-γ）水平顯著升高，同組治療前后比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且治療組這些觀察指標(biāo)的改善程度明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和免疫球蛋白G（IgG）水平顯著升高，而免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平顯著降低，同組治療前后比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且治療組這些觀察指標(biāo)的改善程度明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，治療組患兒反復(fù)呼吸道感染發(fā)作次數(shù)、退熱時(shí)間、咳嗽消失時(shí)間及肺部啰音消失時(shí)間的改善程度明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 細(xì)菌溶解產(chǎn)物膠囊聯(lián)合匹多莫德治療兒童反復(fù)呼吸道感染具有較好的臨床療效，可改善機(jī)體免疫功能，減少反復(fù)呼吸道感染發(fā)作次數(shù)，縮短退熱時(shí)間、咳嗽時(shí)間及肺部啰音消失時(shí)間，具有一定的臨床推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Bacterial Lysates Capsules combined with pidotimod in treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children. Methods Children (88 cases) with recurrent respiratory tract infections in Department of Pediatrics of Ezhou Meternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2013 to January 2015 were enrolled in this study. According to the different treatment plans, children were divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 44 cases. Children in the control group were po administered with Pidotimod Granules, 400 mg/time, twice daily, and the frequency of drug administration was adjusted to once daily after 2 weeks treatment. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Bacterial Lysates Capsules on the basis of the control group, 1 grain/time, and the medication was stopped for 20 d after 2 weeks treatment, cycled for 3 times. Children in two groups were treated for 3 months, and followed up for 6 months. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and the serum levels of cytokines and immune function in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 81.82% and 95.45%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, IL-6 and IL-10 in two groups were significantly decreased, but IL-12 and IFN-γ in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, IgA and IgG in two groups were significantly increased, but IgE in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, attack frequency of recurrent respiratory tract infections, antifebrile time, cough disappeared time, and lung rale disappeared time in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Bacterial Lysates Capsules combined with pidotimod has the clinical curative effect in treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children, and can improve immune function, reduce the attack frequency of recurrent respiratory tract infections, shorten antifebrile time, cough disappeared time, and lung rale disappeared time, which has a certain clinical application value.