目的 探討細菌溶解產(chǎn)物膠囊聯(lián)合吸入用布地奈德混懸液治療兒童反復(fù)呼吸道感染支氣管炎的臨床療效。方法 選取2014年3月-2015年3月克拉瑪依市中心醫(yī)院收治的反復(fù)呼吸道感染支氣管炎患兒78例，將所有患兒采用隨機數(shù)字表法分為對照組和治療組，每組各39例。對照組霧化吸入吸入用布地奈德混懸液1 mg，2次/d。治療組在對照組基礎(chǔ)上口服細菌溶解產(chǎn)物膠囊3.5 mg，1次/d，每月連用10 d，停20 d。兩組患兒均連續(xù)治療3個月。觀察兩組的臨床療效，同時比較兩組治療前后免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG、白介素4（IL-4）、白介素10（IL-10）、干擾素γ（IFN-γ）、腫瘤壞死因子α（TNF-α）水平及TNF-α mRNA表達量，記錄12個月內(nèi)呼吸道感染次數(shù)。結(jié)果 治療后，對照組、治療組的總有效率分別為74.36%、92.31%，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組IL-4、TNF-α水平及TNF-α mRNA表達量均下降，IgA、IgM、IgG、IL-10、IFN-γ水平均上升，同組治療前后比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05），且治療組這些指標的改善情況優(yōu)于對照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療組上呼吸道感染次數(shù)、下呼吸道感染次數(shù)少于對照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 細菌溶解產(chǎn)物膠囊聯(lián)合吸入用布地奈德混懸液治療兒童反復(fù)呼吸道感染支氣管炎具有較好的臨床療效，可明顯改善體液免疫功能，降低炎性反應(yīng)，具有一定的臨床推廣應(yīng)用價值。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Bacterial Lysates Capsules combined with Budesonide Suspension for inhalation in treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infection in children. Methods Children (78 cases) with recurrent respiratory tract infection in the Karamay Central Hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 were divided into the control and treatment groups according to the random number table, and each group had 39 cases. Children in the control group were given Budesonide Suspension for inhalation 1 mg, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Bacterial Lysates Capsules on the basis of the control group 3.5 mg, once daily, used for 10 d, and stop for 20 d in one month. Children in two groups were treated for 3 months. After treatment, the efficacy was evaluated. The levels of immunoglobulin IgA, IgM, IgG, interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and TNF-α mRNA expression were detected. After 12 months of continuous observation, times of respiratory tract infection were recorded. Results After treatment, the efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 74.36% and 92.31%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, levels of IL-4 and TNF-α and TNF-α mRNA expression in the two groups were significantly decreased, while levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, IL-10, and IFN-γ were increased, and the differences were statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the observational indexes were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). The times of upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection in the treatment group were less than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Bacterial Lysates Capsules combined with Budesonide Suspension for inhalation has good clinical efficacy in treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infection in children, can obviously improve the humoral immune function, and reduce the inflammatory reaction, which has a certain clinical application value.