目的 探討痰熱清注射液聯(lián)合阿奇霉素序貫治療兒童支原體肺炎的臨床研究。方法 選取2014年11月-2015年12月梧州市紅十字會(huì)醫(yī)院收治的肺炎支原體肺炎患兒94例，按照隨機(jī)數(shù)字法分為對(duì)照組和治療組，每組各47例。對(duì)照組靜脈滴注乳糖酸阿奇霉素注射液10 mg/kg，1次/d，連續(xù)治療5 d。待體溫和血象指標(biāo)恢復(fù)正常后，改為口服阿奇霉素片，0.25 g/次，1次/d，連續(xù)治療6 d。治療組在對(duì)照組治療基礎(chǔ)上靜脈滴注痰熱清注射液，0.3~0.5 mL/kg，加入0.9%氯化鈉注射液150 mL中，1次/d，連續(xù)治療11 d。觀察兩組的臨床療效，比較兩組臨床癥狀改善情況、肺功能和血清炎癥因子水平變化。結(jié)果 治療后，對(duì)照組和治療組總有效率分別為76.60%、93.62%，兩組總有效率比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；治療后，治療組退熱時(shí)間、肺啰音消失時(shí)間、肺部陰影消失時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間顯著短于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組1秒用力呼吸容積（FEV₁）、最大呼氣流量（PEF）、FEV₁/用力肺活量（FVC）顯著升高（P<0.05）；且治療后治療組這些觀察指標(biāo)顯著高于對(duì)照組，差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組TNF-α、IL-10水平均顯著下降（P<0.05）；且治療后治療組這些觀察指標(biāo)顯著低于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 痰熱清注射液聯(lián)合阿奇霉素序貫治療兒童支原體肺炎的療效顯著，能夠顯著改善臨床癥狀和肺功能，降低血清炎癥因子水平，具有一定的臨床推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Tanreqing Injection combined with azithromycin in sequential treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods Children (94 cases) with mycoplasma pneumonia in Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital from November 2014 to December 2015 were divided into two groups, and each group had 47 cases. The patients in the control group were iv administered with Azithromycin Lactobionate Injection, 10 mg/kg, once daily, treated for 5 d. After body temperature and hemogram returned to normal, The patients in the control group were also po administered with Azithromycin Tablets, 0.25 mg/time, once daily, treated for 6 d. The patients in the treatment group were iv administered with Tanreqing Injection on the basis of the control group, 0.3-0.5 mL/kg, added in normal saline 150 mL, once daily, treated for 11 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the improvement of clinical symptoms, pulmonary function, and serum inflammatory factors in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 76.60% and 93.62%, respectively, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, disappeared time of fever, pulmonary rales, and lung shadow, and hospitalization time in treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, FEV₁, PEF, and FEV₁/FVC in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the pulmonary function indexes in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, TNF-α and IL-10 in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the decreased degree of the serum inflammatory factor levels in the treatment group was lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Tanreqing Injection combined with azithromycin has a significant clinical efficacy in treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia, can significantly improve clinical symptoms and pulmonary function, reduce serum inflammatory factors levels, which has a certain clinical application value.