目的 對2015年天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院中藥注射劑超說明書用藥情況進行調(diào)查分析，為臨床合理用藥提供參考。方法 隨機抽取2015年天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院中藥注射劑門急診處方3 526份，從適應(yīng)癥、給藥劑量及頻次、溶媒選擇、療程、給藥途徑等方面進行超說明書用藥分析。結(jié)果 中藥注射劑存在一定程度超適應(yīng)癥、超劑量、溶媒選擇不當(dāng)、超療程及超給藥途徑用藥等超說明書用藥的情況。疏血通注射液的超適應(yīng)癥處方數(shù)最多，為154例，構(gòu)成比為24.06%。在超給藥劑量及頻次方面，醒腦靜注射液的發(fā)生率最高。注射用燈盞細辛的超溶媒數(shù)最多；在超療程方面，注射用血栓通的處方數(shù)最多；注射用丹參多酚酸鹽的超給藥途徑數(shù)最多。結(jié)論 加強處方點評與反饋，對超說明書用藥進行有效干預(yù)，促進中藥注射劑的合理使用。

Objective To investigate the off-label use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injection in Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, and to provide reference for reasonable application of TCM injection. Methods Outpatient prescription (3 526 cases) using TCM injection in Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM in 2015 were randomly extracted, and ultra-indication, drug dosage and frequency, the selection of solvent, period of treatment, and administration route of TCM injection were analyzed and evaluated. Results There was a certain degree of off-label use of drugs, including ultra-indication, ultra-dosage, improper choice of solvents, ultra-course of medication, and ultra-administration route of TCM injection. There were 154 cases of ultra-indication prescriptions of Shuxuetong Injection, accounting for 24.06%. In ultra-dosage and frequency, the incidence rate of Xingnaojing Injection was the highest. The number of Dengzhan Xixin Injection in ultra-solvent was the most. There was the most prescription of Xueshuantong for injection in ultra-course of medication, and with the most prescription of Tanshinpolyphenolic Salt for injection in ultra-administration route. Conclusion Prescription comments and feedback should be strengthened, and off-label use of TCM injection should be given effective intervention, to promote rational use of TCM injection.