目的 探究甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液聯(lián)合鹽酸多巴胺注射液和鹽酸多巴酚丁胺注射液治療小兒重癥肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的臨床療效。方法 選取2014年10月-2015年12月在新鄉(xiāng)市婦幼保健院治療的小兒重癥肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患兒160例，采用隨機(jī)化分組方式將患兒分為對照組和治療組，每組各80例。對照組靜脈滴注鹽酸多巴胺注射液和鹽酸多巴酚丁胺注射液，兩種藥物以2~3 μg/（kg·min）等量加入到10%葡萄糖注射液20~30 mL中，1次/d。治療組在對照組基礎(chǔ)上靜脈滴注甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液，0.3~0.5 mg/kg加入到多巴胺和多巴酚丁胺的混合注射液中。兩組患兒均連續(xù)治療3~5 d。觀察兩組的臨床療效，比較兩組的臨床癥狀、血?dú)庵笜?biāo)和炎癥因子的情況。結(jié)果 治療后，對照組和治療組的總有效率分別為82.5%、96.3%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，治療組呼吸困難消失時間、心率恢復(fù)時間、咳嗽停止時間和住院時間明顯短于對照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組氧分壓（pO₂）和血氧飽和度（SPO₂）水平均明顯升高，同組治療前后比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且治療組pO₂水平明顯高于對照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組C反應(yīng)蛋白（CRP）和白細(xì)胞介素-6（IL-6）水平均明顯降低，同組治療前后比較差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且治療組這些觀察指標(biāo)明顯低于對照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液聯(lián)合鹽酸多巴胺注射液和鹽酸多巴酚丁胺注射液治療小兒重癥肺炎合并呼吸衰竭具有較好的臨床療效，可改善臨床癥狀，調(diào)節(jié)血?dú)庵笜?biāo)，降低炎癥反應(yīng)，具有一定的臨床推廣應(yīng)用價值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection combined with Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection and Phentolamine Mesylate Injection in treatment of severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure in children. Methods Children (160 cases) with severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure in Xinxiang Maternal and Child Care Service Centre from October 2014 to December 2015 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 80 cases. Children in the control group were iv administered with Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection and Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection, equal amounts of two drugs with 2-3 μg/(kg·min) added into 10% glucose solution 20-30 mL, once daily. Patients in the treatment group were iv administered with Phentolamine Mesylate Injection on the basis of the control group, 0.3-0.5 mg/kg added into mixed injection of dopamine and dobutamine. Patients in two groups were treated for 3-5 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and clinical symptoms, blood gas indexes, and inflammatory factors in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 82.5% and 96.3%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, dyspnea disappearance time, heart rate recovery time, cough stop time, and hospitalization time in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of pO₂ and SPO₂ in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the levels of pO₂ in the treatment group were significantly higher than that in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CPR and IL-6 in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection combined with Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection and Phentolamine Mesylate Injection has clinical curative effect in treatment of severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure in children, can improve clinical symptoms, regulate blood gas indexes, and decrease inflammatory reaction, which has a certain clinical application value.