目的 分析襄陽市中醫(yī)醫(yī)院慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者呼吸道病原菌分布及耐藥情況，為臨床合理使用抗菌藥物提供依據(jù)。方法 對2015-2016年襄陽市中醫(yī)醫(yī)院慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者呼吸道病原菌的分布及耐藥性進行回顧性分析。結(jié)果 共分離出病原菌376株，其中革蘭陽性菌146株，占38.83%；革蘭陰性菌209株，占55.59%；真菌21株，占5.58%。革蘭陽性菌耐藥率位于首位的為金黃色葡萄球菌，其次為表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌，對這3種細菌耐藥率較低的有萬古霉素、替考拉寧。革蘭陰性菌中耐藥率位于首位的是銅綠假單胞菌，其次為大腸埃希菌，對細菌耐藥率較低的抗生素為亞胺培南、美羅培南。結(jié)論 慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者的主要致病菌為革蘭陰性菌，且耐藥率較高，臨床上應(yīng)結(jié)合地區(qū)常見致病菌分布及耐藥流行趨勢，正確選擇敏感抗菌藥物。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria from respiratory tract of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria from respiratory tract of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2015 to 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Total 376 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which Gram-positive bacteria (146 strains) accounted for 38.83%, Gram-negative bacteria were 209 strains (55.74%), and fungi (21 strains) accounted for 5.58%. The drug resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus ranked first in Gram-positive bacteria, followed by S. epidermidis and S. aureus. Vancomycin and teicoplanin were sensitive to these three bacteria. The drug resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranked first in Gram-negative bacteria, followed by Escherichia coli. Imipenem and meropenem were sensitive to the bacteria. Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is Gram-negative bacteria, and the drug resistance rate is high. It should be combined with the distribution of common pathogens and the trend of drug resistance in the region to select sensitive antimicrobials.