目的 研究益氣熄風膠囊防治大鼠局灶性腦缺血再灌注損傷的作用以及其作用機制。方法 將SD大鼠隨機分為假手術組、模型組、尼莫地平片（30 mg/kg）組和益氣熄風膠囊0.771 8、1.543 5、3.087 0、6.174 0 g/kg組，每個組再分為腦梗死率檢測、病理學研究2個亞組。益氣熄風膠囊于造模前ig給藥，1次/d，連續(xù)7 d；假手術組和模型組給予生理鹽水，給藥體積均為10 mL/kg。于第7天給藥后30 min制造大腦中動脈閉塞（MCAO）模型。大腦中動脈阻斷3 h后，進行再灌注。假手術組僅在動脈處備線處理，待給予生理鹽水后去線即可。缺血再灌注后24 h后TTC染色法測定腦梗死體積，計算腦梗死率。缺血再灌注24 h時計算腦指數和腦含水量。各組大鼠在腦缺血再灌注后3、24 h進行神經功能評分。采用蘇木素、伊紅進行染色，光鏡下觀察各組大鼠腦組織的病理形態(tài)。采用甲苯胺藍尼氏染色法檢測尼氏小體表達情況，觀察腦組織尼氏小體數量；采用免疫組化染色SP法測定iNOS蛋白的平均吸光度值，觀察大鼠腦組織iNOS蛋白表達情況。結果 益氣熄風膠囊1.543 5、3.087 0 g/kg對局灶性腦缺血再灌注引起大鼠腦梗死率增大有明顯降低作用（P<0.05），而益氣熄風膠囊0.771 8、6.174 0 g/kg組大鼠腦梗死率無明顯變化。益氣熄風膠囊0.771 8、1.543 5、3.087 0、6.174 0 g/kg組大鼠腦指數和腦含水量無明顯變化。造模后3 h益氣熄風膠囊0.771 8、3.087 0、6.174 0 g/kg神經行為學評分明顯增加（P<0.05、0.01），對局灶性腦缺血再灌注而引起大鼠神經功能損傷癥狀有改善作用，而益氣熄風膠囊1.543 5 g/kg的作用不明顯。與模型組比較，益氣熄風膠囊1.543 5 g/kg組大鼠腦組織的灰質病變、白質病變、腦膜、室管膜病變均明顯減輕（P<0.01），尼氏染色計數平均吸光度值顯著增加（P<0.01），腦組織中iNOS蛋白表達水平有降低的趨勢，但是不具有統計學意義。結論 益氣熄風膠囊對大鼠局灶性腦缺血再灌注損傷具有明確的保護作用，其作用機制可能與腦組織病理病變減輕和尼氏小體數量增加有關。

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Yiqi Xifeng Capsules on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats and its mechanisms. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group, model group, Nimodipine Tablets (30 mg/kg) group, and Yiqi Xifeng Capsules 0.771 8, 1.543 5, 3.087 0, and 6.174 0 g/kg groups, and each group was further divided into two subgroups for cerebral infarction rate detection and pathology. Yiqi Xifeng Capsules was ig administered before the model preparation, 1 time/d, continuous treatment for 7 d. Sham group and the model group were given normal saline, and the volume of administration was 10 mL/kg. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were prepared at 30 min after 7 d of administration. The middle cerebral artery was blocked for 3 h after reperfusion. In Sham group, the line was prepared only in the artery, and after normal saline was given, the line would be removed. After ischemia reperfusion for 24 h, the volume of cerebral infarction was measured by TTC staining, and the cerebral infarction rate was calculated. The brain index and brain water content were calculated at 24 h after ischemia reperfusion. Neurological function scores were measured at 3 and 24 h after cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats. Hematoxylin and eosin were used to stain, and the pathological morphology of rat brain tissue was observed under light microscope. Nissl body expression was determined by toluidine blue Nissl staining method, and numbers of Nissl bodies were observed. The average absorbance of iNOS protein was determined by immunohistochemical staining and SP method, and the expression of iNOS protein in brain tissue of rats was observed. Results Yiqi Xifeng Capsules (1.543 5 and 3.087 0 g/kg) could significantly reduce the cerebral infarction rate of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rat (P<0.05), while 0.771 8 and 6.174 0 g/kg had no significant effect. There was no significant change in brain index and brain water content in rats treated by Yiqi Xifeng Capsule (0.771 8, 1.543 5, 3.087 0, and 6.174 0 g/kg). After model for 3 h, neurobehavioral scores of Yiqi Xifeng Capsules (0.771 8, 3.087 0 and 6.174 0 g/kg) group were increased significantly (P<0.05, 0.01), and focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats caused by nerve function damage symptoms were improved, while Yiqi Xifeng Capsules 1.543 5 g/kg group had no obvious effect. Compared with model group, the pathological changes of gray matter, white matter, meninges and ependymal lesions in the brain tissue of rats in Yiqi Xifeng Capsules (1.543 5 g/kg) group were significantly alleviated (P<0.01), the average absorbance value of Nissl staining were significantly increased (P<0.01), and expression level of iNOS protein in brain tissue tended to decrease, but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion Yiqi Xifeng Capsules have definite protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, which may be related to the decrease of pathological changes of brain tissue and the increase of Nissl bodies number.