目的 分析2014-2016年佛山市第一人民醫(yī)院病原菌分布及耐藥性，為臨床用藥提供參考。方法 采用回顧性調(diào)查方法，對2014-2016年佛山市第一人民醫(yī)院病原菌分布及耐藥性進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析。結(jié)果 共分離出53 404株病原菌，其中革蘭陰性菌33 484株，占62.7%，以大腸埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鮑曼不動桿菌為主；革蘭陽性菌16 182株，占30.3%，以肺炎鏈球菌和金黃色葡萄球菌為主；真菌3 738株，占7.0%。病原菌主要來源于痰液，構(gòu)成比為62.1%。大腸埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鮑曼不動桿菌對主要抗菌藥物的耐藥性均較強(qiáng)，但對于多黏菌素E敏感，敏感率分別為100.0%、99.4%、99.0%；肺炎鏈球菌和金黃色葡萄球菌對萬古霉素和替考拉寧的敏感性均較強(qiáng)，其中肺炎鏈球菌對二者的敏感率分別為99.2%、99.9%，金黃色葡萄球菌對二者的敏感率分別為99.3%、98.9%。真菌的耐藥性較小，對大部分抗生素的敏感性較高。結(jié)論 應(yīng)定期進(jìn)行院內(nèi)感染病原菌檢測，為臨床治療提供參考，臨床用藥時應(yīng)重視院內(nèi)感染病原菌的藥敏檢測，合理用藥。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance status of the pathogens in Foshan First People's Hospital from 2014 to 2016, and to provide reference for clinical drug use. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Foshan First People's Hospital from 2014 to 2016. Results Total 53 404 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which Gram-negative bacteria were 33 484 strains (62.7%), and main of them were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Gram-positive bacteria (16 182 strains) accounted for 30.3%, and main of them were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Fungi were 3 738 strains (7.0%). Most of pathogens were isolated from sputum, accounting for 62.1%. E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and A. baumannii were resistant to common antibiotics, but were sensitive to polymyxin E, and the sensitive rate were 100.0%, 99.4%, 99.0%, respectively. S. pneumoniae and S. aureus were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. The sensitive rate of S. pneumoniae against vancomycin and teicoplanin were 99.2% and 99.9%, respectively. The sensitive rate of S. aureus against vancomycin and teicoplanin were 99.3% and 98.9%. Fungus was sensitive to most antibiotics. Conclusion The detection of pathogenic bacteria should be carried out regularly to provide reference for clinical treatment. The drug susceptibility testing and rational drug use should be should be taken seriously in clinical use.