目的 通過(guò)比較五味子不同炮制品對(duì)腎陽(yáng)虛大鼠的補(bǔ)益作用，為酒五味子“入補(bǔ)藥熟用”提供藥理學(xué)依據(jù)。方法 采用甲巰咪唑法造腎陽(yáng)虛大鼠模型，將成模大鼠隨機(jī)分為模型組、右歸丸（3.7 g/kg）組、生五味子（2.8 g/kg）組、酒五味子（2.8 g/kg）組、醋五味子（2.8 g/kg）組，另設(shè)對(duì)照組，每組10只。各給藥組從第16天開始ig相應(yīng)藥液，給藥體積均為10 mL/kg，連續(xù)30 d。試劑盒測(cè)定各組大鼠血清中游離三碘甲狀腺原氨酸（FT3）、游離四碘甲狀腺原氨酸（FT4）、促甲狀腺素（TSH）、一氧化氮（NO）、促甲狀腺激素釋放激素（TRH）水平；測(cè)定血漿中環(huán)磷酸腺苷（cAMP）、環(huán)磷酸鳥苷（cGMP）水平，計(jì)算cAMP/cGMP；觀察各組大鼠甲狀腺組織病理形態(tài)。結(jié)果 與模型組比較，五味子各炮制品均能不同程度地提高大鼠血清FT3、FT4、NO及下丘腦TRH水平，降低血清TSH水平，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05、0.01）；均可以提高血漿cAMP水平，降低血漿cGMP水平，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05、0.01）。其中與生五味子、醋五味子組比較，酒五味子作用最優(yōu)（P<0.01）。五味子各炮制品對(duì)甲狀腺病理形態(tài)均有所改善，其中酒五味子、醋五味子較優(yōu)。結(jié)論 五味子的補(bǔ)腎作用與改善下丘腦–垂體–甲狀腺（HPT）軸功能抑制有關(guān)，酒五味子補(bǔ)腎作用最好。

Objective To compare the effects of different Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus processed products on tonifying action in rats with yang kidney deficiency, so as to provide pharmacological basis for the "processed Schisandra chinensis fruits as a tonic". Methods The model of yang kidney deficiency rats were induced by methimazole method, and were randomly divided into model group, Yougui Pills (3.7 g/kg) group, raw S. chinensis fruits (2.8 g/kg) group, wine S. chinensis fruits (2.8 g/kg) group, and vinegar S. chinensis fruits (2.8 g/kg) group, as well as the control group was established, and each group had 10 rats. Rats in treatment groups were ig administrated with corresponding drugs volume of 10 mL/kg from 16th day for 30 d. Kit determination methods were used to measure serum FT3, FT4, TSH, NO, and TRH. Plasma cAMP and cGMP contents were also determined and calculate the ratio of cAMP/cGMP. The thyroid pathological changes in rats were observed. Results Compared with the model group, the treatment groups could enhance the levels of serum FT3, FT4, NO, and hypothalamic TRH levels, and reduce the level of serum TSH, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05, 0.01). And Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus could increase the plasma contents of cAMP, decrease the levels of plasma cGMP, with significant difference between two groups (P< 0.05, 0.01). Compared with raw and vinegar S. chinensis fruits groups, the effects of wine S. chinensis fruits group was the best (P < 0.01). Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus could improve the pathological morphology of thyroid, and the effects of vinegar and wine S. chinensis fruits groups were better. Conclusion The kidney tonifying effect of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus is related to improvement of the inhibition of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis function, and the best effect of kidney tonifying is wine S. chinensis fruits.

中醫(yī)藥行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目（20110700704）