目的 探討硫酸鎂聯(lián)合甲潑尼龍治療小兒毛細支氣管炎的臨床效果。方法 選取2015年10月—2017年10月朝陽市第二醫(yī)院收治的118例毛細支氣管炎患兒，隨機分為對照組和治療組，每組各59例。對照組靜脈滴注注射用甲潑尼龍琥珀酸鈉，2 mg/kg加入5%葡萄糖溶液100 mL充分稀釋后給藥，1次/d。治療組在對照組治療基礎上靜脈滴注硫酸鎂注射液，25 mg/kg用5%葡萄糖溶液均勻稀釋至濃度為1.25%后給藥，滴注時間約2 h/次，2次/d。兩組均連續(xù)治療5 d。觀察兩組的臨床療效和一般臨床癥狀消失時間，比較兩組治療前后酸堿度（pH）、血氧飽和度（SaO₂）、二氧化碳分壓（pCO₂）、肺表面活性蛋白A、D（SP-A、SP-D）、嗜酸粒細胞陽離子蛋白（ECP）、纖維蛋白原（FIB）、紅細胞聚集指數(shù)（RCAI）、血漿黏度（PV）的變化情況。結果 治療后，對照組和治療組的總有效率分別為76.27%、91.53%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P < 0.05）。治療后，治療組喘憋、咳嗽、哮鳴音及濕羅音消失時間均顯著短于對照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義（P < 0.05）。治療后，兩組pH值、SaO₂均明顯增加，但pCO₂、SP-A、SP-D、ECP、FIB、RCAI、PV顯著降低，同組治療前后比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P < 0.05）；治療后，治療組pH值、SaO₂高于對照組，pCO₂、SP-A、SP-D、ECP、FIB、RCAI、PV低于對照組，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P < 0.05）。對照組和治療組的不良反應發(fā)生率分別為3.4%、5.1%，兩組不良反應發(fā)生率比較差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。結論 硫酸鎂聯(lián)合甲潑尼龍治療小兒毛細支氣管炎具有較好的臨床療效，可較快消除患兒癥狀，改善血氣狀況，調(diào)節(jié)血流變狀態(tài)，具有一定的臨床推廣應用價值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of magnesium sulfate combined with methylprednisolone in treatment of children with capillary bronchitis. Methods Children (118 cases) with capillary bronchitis in Second Hospital of Chaoyang from October 2015 to October 2017 were randomly divided into control (59 cases) and treatment (59 cases) groups. Children in the control group were iv administered with Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate for injection, 2 mg/kg added into 5% glucose solution 100 mL, once daily. Children in the treatment group were iv administered with Magnesium Sulfate Injection on the basis of the control group, 25 mg/kg was diluted with 5% glucose solution to the concentration of 1.25%, and the infusion time was about 2 h/time, twice daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 5 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy and general clinical symptoms of the two groups were observed, and the changes of pH, SaO₂, pCO₂, SP-A, SP-D, ECP, FIB, RCAI, and PV in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control and treatment groups were 76.27% and 91.53%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of asthma, cough, wheezing and wet sound in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, pH and SaO₂ in two groups increased significantly, but pCO₂, SP-A, SP-D, ECP, FIB, RCAI, and PV decreased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). After treatment, pH and SaO₂ in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group, but pH, SaO₂, pCO₂, SP-A, SP-D, ECP, FIB, RCAI, and PV lower than those in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the control and treatment groups were 3.4% and 5.1%, respectively, and there was no difference between two groups. Conclusion Magnesium sulfate combined with methylprednisolone has clinical curative effect in treatment of children with capillary bronchitis, and can eliminate the symptom quickly, and can improve the blood gas condition, also can adjust the blood flow condition, which has a certain clinical application value.