目的 探討小兒黃龍顆粒聯(lián)合鹽酸哌甲酯片治療兒童注意缺陷多動(dòng)障礙的臨床療效。方法 選取2016年8月—2017年8月在濰坊市婦幼保健院進(jìn)行治療的兒童注意缺陷多動(dòng)障礙患者78例為研究對(duì)象，采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將患兒分為治療組和對(duì)照組，每組各39例。對(duì)照組口服鹽酸哌甲酯片，5 mg/次，2次/d。治療組在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上口服小兒黃龍顆粒，6～7歲：5 g/次，8～14歲：10 g/次，2次/d。兩組患兒均連續(xù)治療6周。觀察兩組的臨床療效，比較兩組的臨床癥狀評(píng)分、SNAP-Ⅳ量表評(píng)分、Conner簡(jiǎn)明癥狀量表評(píng)分表（ASQ）評(píng)分、兒童自我意識(shí)量表（PHCSS）評(píng)分、數(shù)字劃消試驗(yàn)（NCT）失誤率和血清學(xué)指標(biāo)。結(jié)果 治療后，對(duì)照組和治療組的總有效率分別為82.05%、97.44%，兩組比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。兩組多動(dòng)不寧、神思渙散、多言多語(yǔ)、性急易怒評(píng)分均顯著降低，同組治療前后比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且治療組臨床癥狀評(píng)分明顯低于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組SNAP-Ⅳ量表評(píng)分、ASQ評(píng)分、PHCSS評(píng)分、NCT失誤率均明顯降低，同組治療前后比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且治療組相關(guān)評(píng)分明顯低于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，兩組血清泌乳素（PRL）、S100β蛋白（S100β）、25-羥維生素D水平均顯著升高，同組治療前后比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）；且治療組血清學(xué)指標(biāo)明顯高于對(duì)照組，兩組比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 小兒黃龍顆粒聯(lián)合鹽酸哌甲酯片治療兒童注意缺陷多動(dòng)障礙具有較好的臨床療效，可改善患者臨床癥狀和認(rèn)知功能，調(diào)節(jié)血清PRL、S100β、25-羥維生素D水平，具有一定的臨床推廣應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Xiaoer Huanglong Granules combined with Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Tablets in treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods Patients (79 cases) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Weifang Maternity and Child Care Hospital from August 2016 to August 2017 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 39 cases. Patients in the control group were po administered with Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Tablets, 5 mg/time, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Huanglong Granules on the basis of the control group, ages 6-7 years:5 g/time, ages 8-14 years:10 g/time, twice daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 6 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and the scores of clinical symptom, SNAP-IV scale, ASQ, and PHCSS, the error rate of NCT, and serological indexes in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 82.05% and 97.44%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of hyperactivity and restlessness, spiritual slack, polyphrasia, impatient and irritable in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And the scores of clinical symptom in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of SNAP-IV scale, ASQ, and PHCSS, and the error rate of NCT in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And scores of symptom in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05).After treatment, the levels of PRL, S100β, and 25(OH)D in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And serological indexes in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiaoer Huanglong Granules combined with Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Tablets has clinical curative effect in treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, can improve patients' clinical symptoms and cognitive function, and regulate the levels of PRL, S100β, and 25(OH)D, which has a certain clinical application value.