目的 了解廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)順德醫(yī)院病原菌的分布及耐藥性，為臨床治療提供依據(jù)。方法 回顧性分析2015年1月-2017年12月廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)順德醫(yī)院的病原菌分布及耐藥性。結(jié)果 共分離病原菌14 780株，其中革蘭陰性菌8 426株，構(gòu)成比為57.01%，主要為大腸埃希菌、鮑曼不動桿菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和銅綠假單胞菌；革蘭陽性菌5 137株，占34.76%，主要為金黃色葡萄球菌、肺炎鏈球菌和凝固酶陰性葡萄球菌；真菌1 207株，占8.17%，主要為白假絲酵母。病原菌分離數(shù)量居前3位的科室分別為腫瘤內(nèi)科、ICU和消化內(nèi)科；標(biāo)本主要來自痰液11 253株，占76.14%，來自傷口分泌物1763株，占11.93%，來自尿液1 524株，占10.31%；大腸埃希菌對阿米卡星、亞胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、頭孢哌酮/舒巴坦及左氧氟沙星較敏感。鮑曼不動桿菌對被檢抗菌藥物的耐藥性均處于較高水平，肺炎克雷伯菌對慶大霉素和左氧氟沙星較敏感，對其余抗菌藥物的耐藥性均在30%以上。銅綠假單胞菌對頭孢西丁、頭孢噻肟、復(fù)方新諾明及阿莫西林/棒酸具有超高耐藥性；真菌對萬古霉素有高敏感性，但普遍對紅霉素、青霉素、克林霉素耐藥嚴(yán)重。結(jié)論 應(yīng)定期統(tǒng)計分析廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)順德醫(yī)院病原菌的耐藥情況，為醫(yī)生合理使用抗菌藥物提供依據(jù)，同時應(yīng)加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管，降低細(xì)菌耐藥性。

Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, and to provide basis for clinical treatment. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to December 2017. Results Total 14 780 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which Gram-negative bacteria were 8 426 strains (57.01%), and main of them were Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gram-positive bacteria (5 137 strains) accounted for 34.76%, and main of them were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Fungi were 1 207 strains (8.17%), and main of them were Candida albicans. The top three departments were Department of Oncology, ICU, and Gastroenterology. E. coli was sensitive to amikacin, imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, and levofloxacin. The resistant rate of A. baumannii against common antibiotics was high. K. pneumoniae was sensitive to gentamicin and levofloxacin, and the resistant rate against other antibiotics was above 30%. P. aeruginosa had the highest resistance against cefoxitin, cefotaxime, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Fungus was sensitive to vancomycin, and was resistant to erythromycin, penicillin, and clindamycin. Conclusion The statistical analysis of pathogenic bacteria in Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine should be conducted regularly to provide evidences for doctors to use antibacterial drugs reasonably. At the same time, regulation should be strengthened to reduce bacterial resistance.