目的 探討柴黃顆粒聯(lián)合磷酸奧司他韋顆粒治療小兒急性上呼吸道感染的臨床療效。方法 以2018年7月-2020年7月在中國(guó)人民解放軍聯(lián)勤保障部隊(duì)第九八八醫(yī)院進(jìn)行治療的154例急性上呼吸道感染患兒為研究對(duì)象。根據(jù)就診順序分為對(duì)照組（77例）和治療組（77例）。對(duì)照組口服磷酸奧司他韋顆粒，體質(zhì)量≤ 15 kg，30 mg/次，2次/d，體質(zhì)量>15~23 kg，45 mg/次，2次/d，體質(zhì)量>23~40 kg，60 mg/次，2次/d，體質(zhì)量>40 kg，75 mg/次，2次/d；治療組在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上口服柴黃顆粒，3 g/次，2次/d。兩組均連續(xù)治療5 d。觀察兩組的臨床療效，比較兩組臨床癥狀消失時(shí)間和血清學(xué)因子的變化情況。結(jié)果 經(jīng)治療，對(duì)照組總有效率是84.42%，顯著低于治療組（98.70%，P<0.05）。經(jīng)治療，治療組患兒在咳嗽、發(fā)熱、咽痛、鼻塞流涕消失時(shí)間上均顯著短于對(duì)照組（P<0.05）。經(jīng)治療，兩組血清超敏C反應(yīng)蛋白（hs-CRP）、嗜酸性細(xì)胞陽離子蛋白（EOS）、白細(xì)胞介素-17（IL-17）、白細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)（WBC）、中性粒細(xì)胞百分比（NEU）、降鈣素原（PCT）水平均顯著下降（P<0.05）；且治療組血清學(xué)指標(biāo)顯著低于對(duì)照組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 柴黃顆粒聯(lián)合磷酸奧司他韋顆粒治療小兒急性上呼吸道感染具有較好的臨床療效，可有效改善患兒臨床癥狀，降低機(jī)體炎癥反應(yīng)，有著良好的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Chaihuang Granules combined with oseltamivir in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children. Methods A total of 154 children with acute upper respiratory tract infection who were treated in the 988th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from July 2018 to July 2020 were selected as the study subjects. The children were divided into the control group (77 cases) and the treatment group (77 cases) according to the order of visit. The children in the control group were po administered with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules, body weight ≤ 15 kg, 30 mg/time, twice daily, body weight >15-23 kg, 45 mg/time, twice daily, body weight >23-40 kg, 60 mg/time, twice daily, body weight >40 kg, 75 mg/time, twice daily. The children in the treatment group were po administered with Chaihuang Granules on the basis of the control group, 3 g/time, twice daily. Both groups were treated consecutively for 5 d. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was observed, and the disappearance time of clinical symptoms and changes of serological factors were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the total effective rate in the control group was 84.42%, significantly lower than that in the treatment group (98.70%, P<0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of cough, fever, pharyngeal pain and nasal congestion and runny nose in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, serum hs-CRP, EOS, IL-17, WBC, NEU, and PCT decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05). The serological indexes of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Chaihuang Granules combined with oseltamivir has good clinical efficacy in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children, and can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of children, also can reduce the body inflammatory response, which has good clinical application value.

R974

河南省醫(yī)學(xué)科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目（2018020607）