目的 觀察不同劑量硫酸沙丁胺醇霧化吸入溶液霧化治療兒童支氣管哮喘急性發(fā)作的臨床療效。方法 選擇2018年1月-2020年1月于安陽市第二人民醫(yī)院就診的120例支氣管哮喘急性發(fā)作患兒，采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將所有患兒分為低、中、高劑量組，每組各40例。取硫酸沙丁胺醇霧化吸入溶液適量加生理鹽水混合，使用霧化器吸入，低、中、高劑量組患兒分別每次2、3、4 mL。3組患兒均持續(xù)治療7 d。觀察3組的臨床療效，比較3組的炎癥因子、免疫功能指標(biāo)。結(jié)果 治療后，中劑量組患兒的總有效率（97.50%）顯著高于低劑量組（85.00%）和高劑量組（75.00%），組間比較差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。治療后，3組血清白細(xì)胞介素-6（IL-6）、血清生長因子β₁（TGF-β₁）、C反應(yīng)蛋白（CRP）、血小板壓積（PCT）水平均明顯下降（P<0.05），并且中劑量組血清IL-6、TGF-β₁、CRP、PCT水平明顯低于低劑量組和高劑量組（P<0.05）。治療后，3組血清表面抗原分化簇3受體（CD3⁺）、表面抗原分化簇4受體（CD4⁺）水平上升，表面抗原分化簇8受體（CD8⁺）水平下降（P<0.05）；中劑量組血清CD3⁺、CD4⁺水平高于低劑量組和高劑量組，CD8⁺水平低于低劑量組和高劑量組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 不同劑量沙丁胺醇霧化吸入能有效治療兒童支氣管哮喘急性發(fā)作，改善患兒氣道炎癥，增強(qiáng)免疫功能，并且中劑量沙丁胺醇霧化吸入療效較好，不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率較低。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of different doses of salbutamol atomization in treatment of acute attack of bronchial asthma in children. Methods Children (120 cases) with acute attack of bronchial asthma in children in the Second People's Hospital of Anyang from January 2018 to January 2020 were randomly divided into low, medium and high dose groups, and each group had 40 cases. Salbutamol Sulfate Nebules Inhalation Solution was mixed with normal saline, and inhaled with nebulizer, the children in low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were given 2, 3, and 4 mL, respectively. Patients in three groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and the inflammatory factor index and the immune function index in three groups were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of middle-dose group (97.50%) was significantly higher than that of low-dose group (85.00%) and high-dose group (75.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-6, TGF-β₁, CRP, and PCT in three groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the serum levels of IL-6, TGF-β₁, CRP, and PCT in middle-dose group were significantly lower than those in low-dose group and high-dose group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ in three groups were increased, but the serum levels of CD8⁺ in three groups were decreased (P<0.05). The serum levels of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ in middle-dose group were higher than those in low-dose group and high-dose group, while the serum levels of CD8⁺ in middle-dose group was lower than those in low-dose group and high-dose group (P<0.05). Conclusion Different doses of Salbutamol atomization inhalation has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of acute attack of bronchial asthma in children, which can effectively reduce the inflammatory reaction of children and enhance the immune function. Middle-dose salbutamol aerosol inhalation has better curative effect and lower incidence of adverse reactions.

R974