目的 分析山東省各醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)2016—2021年奧氮平不良反應(yīng)（ADR）發(fā)生的特點(diǎn)及相關(guān)影響因素，結(jié)合最新文獻(xiàn)分析，綜合評(píng)價(jià)奧氮平的用藥情況。方法 回顧性分析2016—2021年山東省各醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)上報(bào)的272例奧氮平的ADR，對(duì)ADR類別、患者性別、年齡、日劑量、發(fā)生時(shí)間、用藥目的、累及器官或系統(tǒng)及其主要臨床表現(xiàn)等進(jìn)行分析，同時(shí)對(duì)部分嚴(yán)重ADR進(jìn)行討論。結(jié)果 272例ADR的患者中，男性140例（占51.47%），女性132例（占48.53%），男女無(wú)明顯差異；19~40歲患者藥品不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率最高，有114例（41.91%）。日劑量10 mg/d最多，128例，占47.06%。以治療精神分裂癥和雙相情感障礙為主要用藥目的，以神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)損害比例最高，達(dá)到37.72%，消化系統(tǒng)損害也較多見，占比為21.45%。單一用藥較少，26例（9.56%），以合并其他神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)藥物治療者為主，246例（90.44%）。結(jié)論 奧氮平用藥情況復(fù)雜，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)臨床用藥的管理和監(jiān)測(cè)，合理使用精神科藥物，保障患者的用藥安全。

Objective The characteristics and related influencing factors of olanzapine adverse reactions in medical institutions in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2021 were analyzed, and the use of olanzapine was comprehensively evaluated based on the analysis of the latest literature.Methods A retrospective analysis of 272 cases of olanzapine adverse reactions reported by various medical institutions in Shandong province from 2016 to 2021 was conducted to analyze the ADR categories, patients' gender, age, daily dose and occurrence time, drugs purpose, organs or systems involved and main clinical manifestations, and to discuss some serious adverse reactions.Results Among 272 patients with adverse reactions, 140 cases (51.47%) were male, and 132 cases (48.53%) were female. There was no significant difference between male and female. The incidence of adverse reactions was the highest in 19 — 40 years old patients, 114 cases (41.91%). The daily dose of 10 mg/d was the highest in 128 cases (47.06%). The main purpose of medication was to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The damage rate of nervous system was the highest (37.72%), followed by that of digestive system (21.45%). Monotherapy was rare in 26 cases (9.56%), and combined with other antipsychotics was dominant in 246 cases (90.44%).Conclusion The situation of olanzapine medication is complicated, and it is necessary to strengthen the management and monitoring of clinical medication, rational use of psychiatric drugs, and ensure the safety of medication.

R971

山東省第一批藥品臨床綜合評(píng)價(jià)項(xiàng)目（2021YZ026）