通過查閱文獻(xiàn)和總結(jié)管理實(shí)踐，歸納了影響用藥安全的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素和管理實(shí)踐需關(guān)注的要點(diǎn)，為臨床實(shí)踐提供參考。用藥錯(cuò)誤、藥品不良反應(yīng)、超說明書用藥以及藥品質(zhì)量缺陷是威脅用藥安全的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)用藥安全的影響因素眾多，除了與藥物本身相關(guān)外，用藥安全還與患者、醫(yī)務(wù)工作者、工作流程、工作環(huán)境、藥學(xué)設(shè)備和管理等因素有關(guān)。結(jié)合管理實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，用藥安全的管理需要全員參與、全面覆蓋，從人員、流程、硬件、軟件和環(huán)境等多方面查漏補(bǔ)缺、持續(xù)改進(jìn)，才能筑牢醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)用藥安全的防線。

The potential risk factors that affecting drug safety were systematically summarized through literature review, and the key points of corresponding management practice were also summarized, to provide reference for clinical practice. Medication errors, adverse drug reactions, off-label drug use, and drug quality defects are potential risk factors of drug safety. There are many factors influencing drug safety in medical institutions, in addition to the drug itself, patients, medical workers, workflow, work environment, pharmaceutical equipment, and the management are all factors that relevant to drug safety, which needs full participation and full process management. With the rich experience in management practice, we should find out the potential problems from personnel, processes, hardware, software and work environment, then make continuous improvement, in order to ensure the safety of patients.

R951

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（82104310）；北京醫(yī)衛(wèi)健康公益基金會(huì)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)研究基金項(xiàng)目（B20199FN）