青蒿素提取于傳統(tǒng)中藥黃花蒿,具有強(qiáng)大的抗瘧作用。隨著研究的深入,青蒿素及其衍生物還被發(fā)現(xiàn)對皰疹病毒科、黃病毒科和冠狀病毒科等不同病毒科的多種病毒具有抗病毒作用,并可以抑制病毒誘導(dǎo)的炎癥反應(yīng)。青蒿素及其衍生物抗病毒的可能機(jī)制是烷基化宿主核因子κB(NF-κB)p65亞基的DNA結(jié)合域、抑制NF-κB p65的質(zhì)核轉(zhuǎn)運或產(chǎn)生活性氧或激活碳中心自由基調(diào)控宿主Keap1/Nrf2/ARE通路以抑制病毒復(fù)制,并通過抑制病毒誘導(dǎo)的NF-κB通路、ERK通路激活以減輕炎癥反應(yīng)。通過對青蒿素及其衍生物抗病毒可能的作用機(jī)制進(jìn)行綜述,以期為青蒿素抗新發(fā)病毒提供參考,促進(jìn)老藥新用。

Artemisinin, extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia annua Linn., has a powerful antimalarial effect. With further research, artemisinin and its derivatives have been found to have antiviral effects against a variety of viruses from different viral families, including Herpesviridae, Flaviridae, and Coronaviraceae, and can inhibit virus-induced inflammatory responses. The possible antiviral mechanisms include alkylation of DNA binding domain of NF-κB P65 subunit, inhibition of plasmidic nuclear transport of NF-κB p65, production of reactive oxygen species or activation of carbon center free radicals to regulate host Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway to inhibit viral replication. The inflammatory response was alleviated by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and ERK pathways induced by the virus. This paper reviews the possible antiviral mechanism of artemisinin and its derivatives to provide reference for artemisinin to fight new viruses and promote new use of old drugs.

R285.5

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（82074311）；廣州市科技計劃項目（202102100003）；廣州呼吸健康研究院-哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院聯(lián)合科研專項項目（2020GIRHHMS18）；佛山市科技創(chuàng)新項目（2020001000206）