目的 探討湖北海棠Malus hupehensis(Pamp.) Rehd.葉總黃酮對衰老大鼠認知功能障礙的影響。方法 選取48只雌性SD大鼠，隨機分為對照組、模型組、VC組及湖北海棠葉總黃酮高、中、低劑量組（150、300、600 mg/kg），每組8只。其中模型組大鼠ip D-半乳糖200 mg/kg，對照組ig給予等量生理鹽水；VC組ig VC溶液200 mg/kg；湖北海棠葉總黃酮組ig湖北海棠葉總黃酮150、300、600 mg/kg。連續(xù)給藥6周，并根據(jù)體質量調(diào)整給藥量。記錄大鼠日?；顒幽芰?、體質量、記憶功能、氧化指標、炎性因子和病理變化的情況。結果 與對照組比較，模型組大鼠體質量減輕，學習記憶能力減退，并且腦組織中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、過氧化氫酶（CAT）活力顯著下降（P＜0.01），MDA水平顯著增加（P＜0.01）。大鼠腦組織中炎性因子一氧化氮（NO）、總一氧化氮合成酶（T-NOS）和誘導型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）含量顯著增加（P＜0.01）。與模型組比較，湖北海棠葉總黃酮能顯著縮短Morris水迷宮實驗中衰老大鼠到達平臺的潛伏期和到平臺的距離，并降低其穿越平臺的次數(shù)（P＜0.01）；湖北海棠葉總黃酮能夠顯著提高腦組織中抗氧化酶SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活性，降低MDA水平（P＜0.05、0.01）；湖北海棠葉總黃酮還可顯著降低炎性因子NO、T-NOS和iNOS含量（P＜0.05、0.01）。結論 湖北海棠葉總黃酮對衰老大鼠的認知功能障礙有改善作用，其機制與通過抗氧化、抗炎作用、恢復神經(jīng)細胞完整性有關。

Objective To investigate the effects of total flavonoids of Malus hupehensis leaves on the cognition impairment of aging rats. Methods A total of 48 female SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, VC group, and total flavonoids of Malus hupehensis leaves high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose groups (150, 300, 600 mg/kg), with 8 rats in each group. Model group was ip D-galactose 200 mg/kg, and control group was given normal saline intragaally. VC group ig VC solution 200 mg/kg; total flavonoids of Malus hupehensis leaves group was given 150, 300, 600 mg/kg. Dosing lasted for 6 weeks and was adjusted according to body mass. Daily activity ability, body weight, memory function, oxidation index, inflammatory factors and pathological changes of rats were recorded. Results Compared with the control group, the body weight and learning and memory ability of model group were decreased, and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT in brain tissue were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), while the level of MDA was significantly increased (P < 0.01). The contents of inflammatory factors NO, TNOS, and iNOS in rat brain tissue were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Compared with model group, total flavonoids of Malus hupehensis leaves could significantly shorten the latency and distance of reaching platform, and reduce the times of crossing platform in Morris water maze test (P < 0.01). Total flavonoids of Malus hupehensis leaves could significantly increase the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT in brain tissue, and reduce the level of MDA (P < 0.05, 0.01). The contents of inflammatory factors NO, T-NOS, and iNOS were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01). Conclusion Total flavonoids of Malus hupehensis leaves has an ameliorative effect on cognitive impairment in aging rats, and the mechanism is related to the restoration of neuronal cell integrity through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

R285.5

國家自然科學基金資助項目(81202905);陜西中醫(yī)藥大學學科創(chuàng)新團隊項目(2019-YL11);陜西省教育廳科研項目(15JF015)