目的 觀察小兒肺咳顆粒聯(lián)合重組人干擾素α-2b霧化吸入治療小兒毛細支氣管炎的臨床療效。方法 選取2018年3月—2021年1月廊坊市人民醫(yī)院收治的142例毛細支氣管炎患兒，根據(jù)入院順序將患兒分為對照組和治療組，每組各71例。對照組患兒霧化吸入重組人干擾素α-2b注射液，100～150 kU/kg加入生理鹽水3 mL，2次/d。治療組在對照組的基礎上口服小兒肺咳顆粒，1歲以下2 g/次，1～2歲3 g/次。兩組患兒均治療10 d。觀察兩組患兒臨床療效，比較治療前后兩組患兒臨床癥狀改善時間，肺功能指標呼吸頻率（RR）、潮氣量（TV）和達峰時間比（TPTEF/TE），及炎癥因子白細胞介素-6（IL-6）、C反應蛋白（CRP）、IL-4和轉化生長因子-β（TGF-β）水平。結果 治療后，與對照組的臨床有效率78.87%相比，治療組臨床有效率（94.37%）明顯高于對照組（P＜0.05）。治療后，與對照組相比，治療組喘息消失時間、咳嗽消失時間、肺部濕羅音消失時間、鳴音消失時間均明顯短于對照組（P＜0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒RR較治療前下降，TV和TPTEF/TE顯著增加（P＜0.05），且治療組TV、TPTEF/TE高于對照組，RR低于對照組（P＜0.05）。治療后，兩組患兒IL-6、CRP和IL-4水平較治療前明顯下降，而TGF-β明顯升高（P＜0.05），且治療組這些炎癥因子水平明顯好于對照組（P＜0.05）。結論 小兒肺咳顆粒聯(lián)合重組人干擾素α-2b治療小兒毛細支氣管炎，可有效改善患兒臨床癥狀，促進肺功能恢復。

Objective To observe the combination of Xiaoer Feike Granules combined with recombinant human interferon α-2b in treatment of children with bronchiolitis. Methods Children (142 cases) with bronchiolitis in the People's Hospital of Langfang from March 2018 to January 2021 were divided into control and treatment group based on visiting order, and each group had 71 cases. Children in the control group were atomization inhalation administered with Recombinant Human Interferon α-2b Injection, 100 — 150 kU/kg added into normal saline 3 mL, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Feike Granules on the basis of the control group, 2 g/time for less than 1 year old children, 3 g/time for 1 — 2 years old children, twice daily. Children in two groups were treated for 10 d. After treatment, the clinical evaluation was evaluated, the improvement time of clinical symptoms, pulmonary function indexes RR, TV and TPTEF/TE, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, CRP, IL-4 and TGF-β in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical effective rate of the treatment group (94.37%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, the disappearance time of wheezing, cough, lung wet rale and ringing in the treatment group were significantly shorter (P < 0.05). After treatment, the RR in two groups were decreased, TV and TPTEF/TE were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the TV and TPTEF/TE in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group, and the RR was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, IL-6, CRP and IL-4 in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment, while TGF-β was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the levels of these inflammatory factors in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiaoer Feike Granules combined with recombinant human interferon α-2b in treatment of children with bronchiolitis can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of children and promote the recovery of pulmonary function.

R974

河北省醫(yī)學科學研究課題計劃項目(20201305)