目的 比較不同方法煅制白礬的化學成分和藥效作用。方法 采用傳統(tǒng)方法、減壓干燥、馬弗爐、微波煅制白礬樣品。使用掃描電鏡對微觀形貌進行分析，采用熱重、熱重-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用分析技術(shù)對白礬隨溫度變化時的質(zhì)量、物質(zhì)組成情況進行分析，采用重量法測定失水率，采用電感耦合等離子體發(fā)射光譜法、電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜法對白礬和不同方法煅制白礬中微量元素進行測定，采用滴定法對KA1(SO₄)₂進行測定，并比較不同方法煅制白礬的抑菌作用、抗炎作用。結(jié)果 白礬經(jīng)煅制后表面出現(xiàn)褶皺，內(nèi)部呈現(xiàn)疏松多孔的結(jié)構(gòu)。傳統(tǒng)方法煅制白礬中砷、鋇、鐵、鉻、鎂等金屬離子含量較其他炮制方法高。隨著溫度升高，白礬失水、脫水、釋放出二氧化硫，KA1(SO₄)₂發(fā)生了分解。不同方法煅制白礬均能增強其抑菌和抗炎作用，其中傳統(tǒng)方法煅制的藥效作用最優(yōu)。結(jié)論 白礬經(jīng)煅制后，化學成分的變化與藥效作用密切相關(guān)，傳統(tǒng)煅制白礬的藥效作用更佳。

Objective To compare the chemical components and pharmacodynamic effects of Alumen processed by different methods. Methods Alumen samples were prepared using traditional methods, vacuum drying, muffle furnace, and microwave calcination. The microscopic morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscope energy spectrum (SEM-EDS), and the mass and material composition of Alumen as it changes with temperature were analyzed using thermogravimetric (TG) and thermogravimetric mass spectrometry (TG-MS). The water loss rate was measured using gravimetric methods, trace elements in Alumen and calcined Alumen by different methods were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and KAl(SO₄)₂ was measured using titrimetric methods. Bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory effects of calcined Alumen by different methods were compared. Results After calcination, the surface of Alumen can form folds and the interior forms a porous structure. The content of metal ions such as As, Ba, Fe, Cr, and Mn in traditional methods of calcining Alumen is higher than that in other processing methods. As the temperature increases, the Alumen loses water, dehydrates, and releases sulfur dioxide, and KAl(SO₄)₂ decomposes. Alumen processed by different methods can enhance its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and Alumen processed by traditional method has the best pharmacological effect. Conclusion After calcination of Alumen, the changes in chemical components are closely related to the pharmacological effects, and Alumen prepared by traditional calcination method has better pharmacological effects.

R286.02

國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目（2018YFC1707203）