目的 探討清鎮(zhèn)市第一人民醫(yī)院妊娠期婦女尿路感染病原菌的構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)及耐藥性，為臨床治療提供參考。方法 收集2020年1月—2022年12月清鎮(zhèn)市第一人民醫(yī)院疑為尿路感染妊娠期婦女清潔中段尿標(biāo)本，使用法國(guó)梅里埃VITEK-2 Compact或VITEK MS質(zhì)譜儀進(jìn)行病原菌鑒定和抗生素最低抑菌濃度（MIC）檢測(cè)，根據(jù)美國(guó)臨床試驗(yàn)室標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化研究所（CLSI）的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷藥敏結(jié)果，采用WHONET 5.6和SPSS 20.0軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)。結(jié)果 共檢出384株病原菌，其中革蘭陰性菌占84.9%（326株）；革蘭陽(yáng)性菌占13.3%（51株），念珠菌占1.8%（7株），病原菌以大腸埃希菌（297株，占77.3%）和無(wú)乳鏈球菌（30株，占7.8%）最為常見(jiàn)。大腸埃希菌對(duì)氨芐西林、氨芐西林/舒巴坦、復(fù)方磺胺甲唑、頭孢唑啉、環(huán)丙沙星和左氧氟沙星的耐藥率高于70.0%，對(duì)呋喃妥因、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星和頭孢替坦的耐藥率低于10.0%，多重耐藥菌株占42.1%；無(wú)乳鏈球菌對(duì)四環(huán)素和克林霉素的耐藥率高于65.0%，對(duì)青霉素、氨芐西林、喹努普汀/達(dá)福普汀、替加環(huán)素、利奈唑胺和萬(wàn)古霉素的耐藥率為0。結(jié)論 妊娠期婦女尿路感染病原菌主要是革蘭陰性桿菌，病原菌的構(gòu)成與其他人群截然不同，及時(shí)分析妊娠期婦女尿路感染病原菌的構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)及耐藥性，對(duì)于臨床合理使用抗生素具有重要意義。

Objective To investigate the constituent characteristics and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infection in pregnant women in the First People's Hospital of Qingzhen, and to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods To collect urine samples from pregnant women suspected to have urinary tract infection from January 2020 to December 2022 in the First People's Hospital of Qingzhen. The pathogens were identified and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics was detected by VITEK-2 Compact or VITEK MS mass spectrometer in Meria, France. The drug sensitivity results were judged according to the standards of CLSI in the United States, and the data were statistically analyzed by using WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 20.0 software. Results A total of 384 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, of which Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 84.9% (326 strains), Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 13.3% (51 strains), candida accounted for 1.8% (7 strains), and Escherichia coli (297 strains, accounting for 77.3%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (30 strains, accounting for 7.8%) were the most common pathogens. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, compound sulfamethoxazole, cefazolin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin was higher than 70.0%, while the resistance rate to nitrofurantoin, piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, and cefotetan were lower than 10.0%, and the multi-resistant strains accounted for 42.1%. The resistance rate of Streptococcus agalactiae to tetracycline and clindamycin was higher than 65.0%, and the resistance rate to penicillin, ampicillin, quinuputine/daffoptine, tigecycline, linezolid and vancomycin was 0.0%. Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens of urinary tract infection in pregnant women, and the composition of pathogens is completely different from other populations. It is of great significance to analyze the composition characteristics and drug resistance of pathogens of urinary tract infection in pregnant women in time for rational use of antibiotics in clinic.

R978.1;R984