糖尿病腎臟病是糖尿病常見(jiàn)微血管并發(fā)癥，起病隱匿，是以蛋白尿?yàn)轱@著特征的進(jìn)行性腎功能衰退疾病，是導(dǎo)致終末期腎病、誘發(fā)心血管疾病和早發(fā)死亡的重要危險(xiǎn)因素。小分子藥物是化學(xué)合成的活性物質(zhì)，通常相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量小于1 000，其發(fā)揮作用的實(shí)質(zhì)是藥物與靶蛋白之間的相互作用。小分子藥物可通過(guò)改善血流動(dòng)力學(xué)、抗炎、抗氧化、抗腎間質(zhì)纖維化等多種途徑發(fā)揮防治糖尿病腎臟病的作用。綜述了多種小分子藥物防治糖尿病腎病的藥理作用及其機(jī)制，旨在為早期干預(yù)或延緩糖尿病腎病進(jìn)展的治療和聯(lián)合用藥提供思路。

Diabetes kidney disease (DKD) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes, with hidden onset. It is a progressive renal function decline disease characterized by proteinuria, and is an important risk factor leading to end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and early death. Small molecule drugs are chemically synthesized active substances with a relative molecular weight of less than 1 000, and their essence of action are the interactions between the drugs and the target proteins. Small molecule drugs can play a role in preventing and treating DKD by improving hemodynamics, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-renal interstitial fibrosis, and other ways. This article reviews the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of various small molecule drugs in the prevention and treatment of DKD, in order to provide ideas for early intervention or delay the treatment of progress of DKD and the combination of drugs.

R977

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（82304809）