目的 比較附子新型炮制品與傳統(tǒng)炮制品中烏頭堿類水平及強(qiáng)心作用,為附子炮制工藝改進(jìn)提供藥理學(xué)依據(jù)。方法 采用高效液相(HPLC)色譜法測(cè)定生附子及黑順片、高溫片、高壓片、微波片4種附子炮制品及其煎煮液中6種烏頭類生物堿水平;應(yīng)用Langendorff大鼠離體心臟灌流法,測(cè)定附子4種炮制品對(duì)心率(HR)、左心室收縮壓(LVSP)、舒張末壓(LVEDP)、左心室內(nèi)壓變化速率(±dp/dt_max)的影響,分析其強(qiáng)心作用。結(jié)果 與生附子比較,附子經(jīng)炮制后,毒性成分雙酯型生物堿減低,單酯型生物堿逐漸增加;與黑順片比較,高壓片中生物堿得到最大限度保留,單酯型生物堿水平高于黑順片,雙酯型生物堿水平較低,說(shuō)明附子高壓炮制是一種“低毒高效”的工藝;而高溫片和微波片中單、雙酯型生物堿水平均有所降低,其成分有一定的流失;4種炮制品煎煮液中6種生物堿溶出率與炮制品中生物堿水平呈正相關(guān)。與對(duì)照組比較,4種炮制品均能夠顯著升高離體大鼠心臟的HR、LVSP、±dp/dt_max,降低LVEDP,且呈一定劑量相關(guān)性;與黑順片組比較,3種新型炮制品HR、LVSP、LVEDP、±dp/dt_max均差異不顯著;在相同劑量下,高壓片中HR、LVSP、±dp/dt_max值最高,LVEDP值較低。結(jié)論 附子高壓炮制工藝是一種“高效低毒”炮制工藝,且強(qiáng)心作用效果較好。

Objective To compare aconite content and cardiac effects of model processed products and traditional processed products, and to improve the processing technology of aconite. Methods Using HPLC to determine four kinds of aconite processed products (black smooth sheets, high temperature sheets, high pressure sheets, and microwaving sheets) and contents of six kinds of alkaloids in its decoction. With isolated heart perfusion with Langendorff method, HR, LVSP, LVEDP and ±dp/dt_max and other content indicators were determined, and the cardiotonic effects of different aconite processed products were analyzed. Results The alkaloid content in high pressure Aconiti Lateralis Preparata slice (Fu Pian) had maximum retention, mono-ester type high alkaloid content, and diester decreased significantly, high temperature, microwaving, and black smooth single and double ester alkaloid contents were low, and the component loss was obvious. Four kinds of processed products of decoction of six kinds of alkaloids dissolution rate and processed products of alkaloid content showed a positive correlation, compared with the control group: Four kinds of processed products could improve significantly higher in isolated rat hearts of HR, LVSP, and ±dp/dt_max values, decreased LVEDP values, and the pharmacodynamic effect and dose size showed a certain correlation; compared with the black smooth sheets, three model processed products in HR, LVSP, LVEDP, and ±dp/dt_max and other indicators had no significant difference. In the same dose, high pressure Fu Pian in HR, LVSP, and ±dp/dt_max values were the highest, and LVEDP value was lower. Conclusion Fuzi high pressure processing technology is a kind of efficient low toxicity processing technology, with better cardiac effects.

廣東省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(S2013010014082)