目的 探討枯草桿菌二聯(lián)活菌聯(lián)合乳果糖治療兒童功能性便秘（functional constipation，F(xiàn)C）的遠期療效。方法 選擇180例兒童FC患者，按照治療的方式不同分為聯(lián)合組、乳果糖組和媽咪愛組，每組60例。3組均給予足量飲水、合理飲食、排便習慣訓練、增加活動量、心理行為治療，乳果糖組口服乳果糖，媽咪愛組口服枯草桿菌二聯(lián)活菌多維顆粒劑，聯(lián)合組口服枯草桿菌二聯(lián)活菌多維顆粒劑和乳果糖，療程8周，觀察大便次數(shù)、性狀、排便困難及疼痛情況，比較3組停藥后3個月、6個月和12個月的復發(fā)率。結(jié)果 停藥3個月，聯(lián)合組、乳果糖組和媽咪愛組復發(fā)率分別為10.34%、30.00%和25.49%，聯(lián)合組明顯低于其他兩組（P<0.05）；停藥6個月，聯(lián)合組、乳果糖組和媽咪愛組復發(fā)率分別為18.97%、52.00%和41.18%，聯(lián)合組明顯低于其他兩組（P<0.05）；停藥12個月，聯(lián)合組、乳果糖組和媽咪愛組復發(fā)率分別為24.14%、58.00%和49.02%，聯(lián)合組明顯低于其他兩組（P<0.05）；隨訪3、6、12個月，聯(lián)合組患兒大便次數(shù)及性狀恢復、排便困難及疼痛緩解情況優(yōu)于乳果糖組和媽咪愛組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 枯草桿菌二聯(lián)活菌聯(lián)合乳果糖治療兒童FC，遠期療效顯著，復發(fā)率低，具有一定的臨床應用價值。

Objective To study the long-term efficacy of medilac-vita combined with lactulose in treatment of functional constipation (FC) in children. Methods On the basis of the same routine treatment, which consisted of defecation habit practice, increasing in number of dietary fiber, enough water drinking, suitable exercise, and psychotherapy, a total of 180 children with FC were randomly divided into three groups: medilac-vita and lactulose treatment group (combined treatment group), lactulose treatment group (lactulose group), and medilac-vita treatment group (medilac-vita group). Fecal form, frequency, difficulty, and pain in three groups after 8 weeks were observed, and the relapse rate after following up for 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year were compared. Results The relapse rates were 10.34% in combined treatment group, 30.00% in lactulose group, and 25.49% in medilac-vita group at 3 months after therapy (P<0.05); 18.97% in combined treatment group, 52.00% in lactulose group, and 41.18% in medilac-vita group at 6 months after therapy (P<0.05); 24.14% in combined treatment group, 58.00% in lactulose group, and 49.02% in medilac-vita group at 12 months after therapy (P<0.05). The frequency of defecation, normalization of the stool form, and improvement degrees of dysporia and dyschizia in combined treatment group were significantly higher in comparison with lactulose group or medilac-vita group after 3, 6, and 12 months of the treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Medilac-vita combined with lactulose is obviously better and with low relapse rate in treatment of FC in children, which is worthy of application.