目的 研究羊棲菜多糖（SFPS）對親本果蠅生育能力的影響及其作用機制。方法 采用85℃熱水煮提、乙醇沉淀、氯化鈣去除褐藻膠等多種工序提取SFPS；以黑腹果蠅為模式生物，分別以對照（0%）、低（0.033%）、中（0.167%）、高（0.500%）4個濃度持續(xù)喂食15 d，通過檢測子代數(shù)量、體質(zhì)量、每天羽化量評估不同濃度SFPS對果蠅生育能力的影響；熒光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）技術(shù)檢測親本果蠅生育和發(fā)育相關(guān)基因Vasa、Achi、Figla和子代果蠅mTOR的表達。結(jié)果 與對照組比較，喂食SFPS能顯著性地提高雌蠅和雄蠅的生育力，并且對其子代果蠅體質(zhì)量、羽化率和雌雄比例也有后續(xù)的促進作用，低和中濃度SFPS分別對母本和父本果蠅的生育力促進效果最優(yōu)；持續(xù)喂食SFPS后，親本果蠅生殖發(fā)育相關(guān)基因在mRNA水平上顯著提高；親本喂食低、高濃度SFPS后，子代果蠅mTOR表達水平普遍升高，子代雌蠅變化更為顯著。結(jié)論 SFPS通過調(diào)控果蠅生育相關(guān)基因的表達，提高親本果蠅的生育能力，對子代果蠅的生長發(fā)育也有顯著促進作用。

Objective To estimate effects and possible underlying mechanisms of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides (SFPS) on fertility and reproduction, which were oral administered to Drosophila melanogaster. Methods SFPS applied in the following experiments was extracted using 85℃ hot boiled extraction, purified by ethanol precipitation, and removed alginates by calcium chloride. D. melanogaster were applied as model and fed with four kinds of concentration of SFPS namely control (0%), low (0.033%), medium (0.167%), and high (0.500%), for 15 d. Effects of SFPS on fertility were assessed by detecting the number of offspring, body weight, and daily eclosion. Meanwhile, we also determined the expression patterns of fertility and development related genes, such as Vasa, Achi, Figla (parental generation), and mTOR (filial generation) in different SFPS concentration groups. Results Compared with control group, fertility of flies was significantly enhanced by feeding with SFPS. Moreover, effect on fertility also further facilitates weights, eclosion rates, and gender ratios of offspring flies. However, fertility of father and mother flies performed different dose dependent patterns, and performed best by feeding with low and medium doses of SFPS respectively. The fertility and development related genes mRNA level significantly increased after continuous feeding with SFPS. After parental feeding of low and high concentration of SFPS, mTOR expression level of offspring increased significantly, female offspring changed more significantly. Conclusion SFPS promotes fertility of D. melanogaster, and which may through upregulating the expression patterns of fertility related genes. Meanwhile, SFPS also obviously promotes development of offspring, when parents are feeding with SFPS.

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（31470430；31200266）；國家星火計劃重點項目（2015GA700005）；浙江省公益性應(yīng)用研究計劃（2017C32103）；溫州市公益性農(nóng)業(yè)科技項目（N20150034）；浙江省新苗人才計劃（KZS1512066）