目的 探討復(fù)方嗜酸乳桿菌片聯(lián)合蒙脫石散治療嬰幼兒肺炎抗生素相關(guān)性腹瀉（antibiotic associated diarrhea，AAD）的療效。方法 選取80例AAD患兒，按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為兩組，對(duì)照組（39例）口服蒙脫石散，觀察組（41例）給予蒙脫石散聯(lián)合嗜酸乳桿菌片，觀察并記錄兩組患者治療后的療效，臨床癥狀緩解情況，免疫功能變化及治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況，評(píng)價(jià)復(fù)方嗜酸乳桿菌片聯(lián)合蒙脫石散治療AAD的療效。結(jié)果 治療后觀察組有效率明顯高于對(duì)照組（P<0.05）。治療后，觀察組退熱時(shí)間、糾正脫水時(shí)間、止瀉時(shí)間均明顯短于對(duì)照組（P<0.05）；治療后，觀察組血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA水平均明顯上升（P<0.05），T淋巴細(xì)胞亞群CD₃⁺、CD₄⁺水平均明顯上升（P<0.05），相比之下，對(duì)照組治療前后血清免疫球蛋白和T淋巴細(xì)胞亞群無(wú)明顯變化。治療期間，兩組均無(wú)明顯不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生。結(jié)論 復(fù)方嗜酸乳桿菌片聯(lián)合蒙脫石散對(duì)AAD具有較好的治療效果，能迅速改善腹瀉癥狀，提高小兒體內(nèi)免疫球蛋白水平，值得臨床推廣使用。

Objective To discuss the clinical observation of Montmorillonite combined with Compound Eosinophil-Lactobacillus Tablet in the treatment of pneumonia infants of antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD). Methods Eighty pneumonia infants with antibiotic associated diarrhea were selected, they were divided into two groups according to the random number table method. The observation group (41 cases) was given Montmorillonite. The control group (39 cases) was given Montmorillonite and Compound Eosinophil-Lactobacillus. The efficacy of Montmorillonite combined with compound Eosinophil-Lactobacillus Tablet in the treatment of pneumonia infants of antibiotic associated diarrhea was evaluated by efficacy, clinical symptom, immune function changes and adverse reactions during the treatment period. Results After treatment, the effective rate of observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the fever time, correcting dehydration time, and antidiarrheal time of observation group was shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum IgG, IgA, and T lymphocyte subsets of CD₃⁺, CD₄⁺ levels were significantly increased in the observation group (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance on CD8+ before and after treatment. In contrast, there were no statistical significance on the serum immunoglobulin and T lymphocyte subsets before and after treatment in the control group. During the treatment period, no adverse reaction occurred in two groups. Conclusion In summary, Montmorillonite combined with Compound Eosinophil-Lactobacillus Tablet had a good effect on AAD. They could quickly improve the symptoms of diarrhea and immunoglobulin levels in children. It was worthy of clinical use.