目的 對比枸櫞酸咖啡因與氨茶堿治療呼吸暫停（AOP）早產(chǎn)兒的臨床效果。方法 2016年1月-2017年6月濮陽市油田總醫(yī)院兒科監(jiān)護(hù)室收治的AOP早產(chǎn)兒190例，按照入院先后順序隨機(jī)數(shù)表分組，分為觀察組與對照組各95例，觀察組應(yīng)用枸櫞酸咖啡因治療，對照組應(yīng)用氨茶堿治療。記錄與觀察兩組新生兒箱內(nèi)吸氧時間與總氧療時間、AOP消失時間與住院時間及動脈導(dǎo)管未閉（PDA）、支氣管肺發(fā)育不良（BPD）、早產(chǎn)兒視網(wǎng)膜?。≧OP）等并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況和不良反應(yīng)。結(jié)果 觀察組的箱內(nèi)吸氧時間與總氧療時間都顯著少于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。觀察組的AOP消失時間與住院時間分別為（20.44±3.19）h和（38.29±3.11）d，都顯著少于對照組的（26.55±4.51）h和（45.33±5.98）d，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。兩組治療期間的動脈導(dǎo)管未閉、支氣管肺發(fā)育不良、視網(wǎng)膜病變等并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況對比無顯著差異。觀察組治療期間的心動過速、高血糖、喂養(yǎng)不耐受的發(fā)生率分別為1.1%、2.1%和3.2%，都顯著低于對照組的10.5%、9.5%和12.6%，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 相對于氨茶堿，枸櫞酸咖啡因治療早產(chǎn)兒AOP能促進(jìn)患兒的康復(fù)，縮短氧療時間，減少不良反應(yīng)的發(fā)生，且不會增加嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生。

Objective To compare the clinical effects of aminophylline and caffeine citrate in the treatment of preterm infants with apnea (AOP). Methods From January 2016 -June 2017, 190 cases of preterm infants with AOP admitted in our hospital pediatric care unit were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 95 cases in each group accorded the grouped tables. The observation group was used caffeine citrate treatment, and the control group was used the aminophylline treatment, recorded the prognosis of the two groups. Results The oxygen inhalation time and total oxygen therapy time in the observation group were significantly less than that of the control group (P<0.05). The disappearance time of AOP and the time of hospitalization in the observation group were (20.44±3.19) h and (38.29±3.11) d, respectively, which were significantly less than (26.55±4.51) h and (45.33±5.98) d in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in the incidence of complications such as patent ductus arteriosus, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy during the treatment of the two groups. The incidence of tachycardia, hyperglycemia and feeding intolerance in the observation group were 1.1%, 2.1% and 3.2%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group 10.5%, 9.5% and 12.6% (P<0.05). Conclusion Compares with aminophylline, caffeine citrate in the treatment of AOP in premature infants can promote the rehabilitation of children, shorten the time of oxygen therapy, reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, and will not increase the incidence of serious complications.