目的 建立小鼠腹水瘤模型，研究其臨床指標的變化情況，探討小鼠癌性腹水模型的特征。方法 制備小鼠肝癌（H22）、骨肉瘤（S180）腹水瘤模型，觀察腹水生長及小鼠的體質量、進食、飲水量、自主活動等一般狀態(tài)；待腹水生長至第12天，眼眶采血、抽取腹水，應用全自動血液分析儀、生化分析儀、電解質分析儀進行血液學、血清生化、腹水常規(guī)、生化及電解質檢查；取少量腹水涂片后瑞氏染色鏡檢；使用試劑盒測定血清及腹水中乳酸（LD）水平。結果 小鼠腹水形成率為100%，腹部逐漸膨脹明顯，活動變得遲緩，毛發(fā)不榮，進食及飲水量均減少；與對照組比較，H22和S180組小鼠于腹水接種第4天起體質量顯著升高（P<0.01）；血中白細胞（WBC）數(shù)量顯著升高（P<0.01），紅細胞（RBC）、血小板（HGB）呈不同程度的降低；腹水中少見血象細胞；丙氨酸轉氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸轉氨酶（AST）、尿素氮（BUN）、乳酸脫氫酶（LDH）、LD水平顯著升高，肌酐（CREA）、白蛋白（ALB）、血糖（GLU）水平顯著降低（P<0.05、0.01）；電解質紊亂。結論 H22、S180小鼠腹水瘤模型多種檢測指標異常，且與臨床表現(xiàn)基本一致，具有典型的惡性腹水特征。

Objective To study the changes of clinical indicators in mice with ascites tumor, and to explore the characteristics of the model of cancerous ascites in mice. Methods H22 and S180 ascites tumor model of mice was established. The general state of ascites growth, body mass, feeding, drinking water and autonomous activity were observed. After the ascites grew to 12 days, hematology, serum biochemistry, ascites cells, biochemistry and electrolytes were examined by automatic hematology analyzer, biochemical analyzer and electrolyte analyzer. A small amount of ascites smear was taken and reelson staining microscopy was used. The LD levels in serum and ascites were measured with kits. Results The incidence of ascites in mice was 100%, the abdominal swelling was obvious, the activity became slow, the hair was not proud, and the amount of food and drinking water decreased. Compared with control group, the body mass of H22 and S180 mice increased significantly (P<0.01) after fourth days of ascites. The number of WBC in the blood of H22 and S180 mice increased significantly (P<0.01), and the RBC and HGB were reduced in varying degrees. The hemogram cells were rare in the ascites. The levels of ALT, AST, BUN, LDH and LD in the blood and ascites all increased, and the levels of CREA, ALB and GLU were all decreased (P<0.05 and 0.01) and electrolyte disturbance. Conclusion H22 and S180 mouse ascites tumor model has a variety of abnormal detection indexes, which are consistent with the clinical manifestations, and have typical malignant ascites characteristics.