目的 通過建立苯酚膠漿所致的慢性盆腔炎大鼠模型，對癃清片治療婦科炎癥的作用特點(diǎn)和機(jī)制進(jìn)行探討。方法 將雌性SD大鼠子宮內(nèi)注射苯酚膠漿造成大鼠慢性盆腔炎模型，造模7 d后分組，隨機(jī)分為6組：空白對照組、模型對照組及癃清片高、中、低劑量（9.355 2、4.677 6、2.338 8 g生藥/kg）組和千金片組，給藥14 d。測定各組大鼠子宮腫脹率及腫脹抑制率、對各組動(dòng)物子宮、陰道組織進(jìn)行HE病理學(xué)觀察以評價(jià)炎癥反應(yīng)程度。通過細(xì)胞凋亡TUNEL染色觀察子宮內(nèi)膜細(xì)胞凋亡程度，并采用免疫組化染色檢測腫瘤壞死因子α（TNF-α）、白介素4（IL-4）和細(xì)胞黏附因子（ICAM-1）的表達(dá)。結(jié)果 與空白對照組相比，模型對照組子宮腫脹明顯；與模型對照組相比，癃清片各劑量組治療后子宮腫脹率均有所降低，尤以癃清片中劑量組為佳。與空白對照組相比，模型對照組子宮可見明顯擴(kuò)張，內(nèi)膜充血明顯，水腫程度嚴(yán)重，而給藥各組中充血水腫現(xiàn)象少見。在炎性浸潤方面，模型對照組陰道可見上皮細(xì)胞增生，表層出現(xiàn)黏液層，以中性粒細(xì)胞為主的炎細(xì)胞浸潤，給藥各組中炎細(xì)胞浸潤程度較模型組輕。與空白對照組相比，模型對照組子宮細(xì)胞凋亡程度明顯增加，癃清片能夠明顯改善子宮內(nèi)膜細(xì)胞的凋亡程度。與空白對照組相比，TNF-α、IL-4及ICAM-1（CD54）蛋白表達(dá)均在胞漿及胞核，呈棕黃色，正常對照組大鼠子宮腺體及炎細(xì)胞可見弱陽性表達(dá)，模型組大鼠子宮腺體及炎細(xì)胞可見強(qiáng)陽性表達(dá)，其余各組表達(dá)均較模型組有不同程度減弱。結(jié)論 癃清片通過下調(diào)模型大鼠子宮組織中TNF-α、IL-4的表達(dá)水平，從而抑制子宮組織中ICAM-1的表達(dá)，防止和緩解子宮組織的黏連，達(dá)到治療慢性盆腔炎的作用。

Objective By establishing a rat model of chronic pelvic inflammation induced by phenol mortar, the characteristics and mechanism of Longqing Tablets in treatment of gynecological inflammation were discussed. Methods Chronic pelvic inflammation model in rats induced by intrauterine injection of phenol mortar in female SD rats. After 7 days of moulding, the chronic pelvic inflammation rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:blank control group, model group, high, medium and low doses of Longqing Tablets (9.355 2, 4.677 6, 2.338 8 g crude drug/kg) groups and Qianjin Tablets group. And all of groups were given drug for 14 d. The rate of uterine edema and its inhibition in each group were determined. The uterus and vagina tissues of each group were observed by HE pathology to evaluate the degree of inflammatory reaction. The degree of apoptosis of endometrium cells was observed by TUNEL staining, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-4, and ICAM-1 was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results Compared with blank control group, the uterine swelling in the model group was significant. Compared with model group, the uterine swelling rate in each dose group of Longqing Tablets were decreased after treatment, especially in the middle dose group of Longqing Tablets. Compared with blank control group, the uterus of the model control group was obviously dilated, endometrial congestion was obvious, and the degree of edema was serious, while the phenomenon of congestion and edema was rare in each group. In terms of inflammatory infiltration, epithelial cell proliferation, mucus layer and neutrophil-dominated inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the vagina of the model control group. The degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in each group was lighter than that in the model group. Compared with the blank control group, model group in the uterus cell apoptosis was significantly increased, Longqing Tablets could obviously improve the degree of the apoptosis of endometrial cells. Compared with the blank control group, TNF-α, IL-4 and ICAM-1 (CD54) proteins were all expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus, which were brownyellow. Week positive expression was observed in uterine glands and inflammatory cells of rats in the normal control group, while strong positive expression was observed in the model group, the expression of the remaining groups was decreased to different degrees compared with that of the model group. Conclusions Longqing Tablets by cutting the uterus tissue in rat models of TNF-α and IL-4 levels, thus inhibiting the uterus tissue cells ICAM-1 expression, to prevent and alleviate adhesion of uterus tissue, reach the role of the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.