目的 研究氯霉素潑尼松搽劑抗Ⅳ型（遲發(fā)型）變態(tài)反應(yīng)的藥理作用。方法 C57BL/6/ICR健康小鼠隨機(jī)分為對照組、基質(zhì)組、模型組、莫米松乳膏組和氯霉素潑尼松搽劑高、中、低劑量組［分別給予高、中、低濃度（含氯霉素20、10、5 mg/mL，潑尼松1.00、0.50、0.25 mg/mL）的氯霉素潑尼松搽劑］。采用二硝基氯苯（DNCB）丙酮溶液誘發(fā)小鼠IV型變態(tài)反應(yīng)，觀察耳腫脹度、胸腺/脾臟指數(shù)；以4-氨基吡啶（4-AP）誘發(fā)小鼠皮膚局部瘙癢模型，觀察舔體反應(yīng)次數(shù)；用磷酸組織胺的累計(jì)劑量為指標(biāo)測定小鼠致癢閾。結(jié)果 與模型組比較，氯霉素潑尼松搽劑各劑量組均能顯著抑制小鼠耳腫脹度增加（P<0.05），顯著抑制胸腺指數(shù)的增加（P<0.05），高劑量組能顯著抑制脾臟指數(shù)的增加（P<0.05）；中、高劑量組小鼠舔體反應(yīng)次數(shù)顯著下降（P<0.05）；各劑量組的磷酸組織胺致癢閾顯著高于模型組和基質(zhì)組（P<0.05）；且作用均呈劑量相關(guān)性。結(jié)論 氯霉素潑尼松搽劑局部外用具有良好的抗Ⅳ型變態(tài)反應(yīng)和止癢作用，該制劑適用于臨床具有Ⅳ型變態(tài)反應(yīng)特征的皮損治療。

Objective To study the pharmacological effect of chloramphenicol prednisone liniment on hypersensitivity of type IV (delayed type). Method C57BL/6/ICR healthy mice were randomly divided into control group, matrix group, model group, mometasone cream group, chloramphenicol prednisone liniment low, medium and high dose groups [chloramphenicol prednisone liniment with high, medium and low concentrations (containing chloramphenicol 20, 10, 5 mg/ml, prednisone 1.00, 0.50, 0.25 mg/ml) was given respectively]. With allergy IV induced by DNCB (dinitrochlorobenzene) acetone solution, the effects of chloramphenicol prednisone liniment on allergy IV were observed by ear swelling, thymus index and spleen index. The local pruritus model of mice was induced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). The effects of licking times on the itching response were observed. The cumulative dose of histamine phosphate was used to determine the itching threshold of mice. Results Compared with the model group, chloramphenicol prednisone liniment can significantly inhibit the increase of ear swelling (P < 0.05), thymus index (P < 0.05), and spleen index (P < 0.05) in high dose group. The times of licking response decreased significantly in the middle and high dose groups (P < 0.05), the itching threshold of histamine phosphate in each dose group was significantly higher than that in the model group and matrix group (P < 0.05), and the effects were dose-dependent. Conclusion The topical application of chloramphenicol prednisone liniment has good anti-type IV allergic reaction and antipruritic effect. It is suitable for the treatment of skin lesions with type IV allergic reaction.

R965

太和科研基金項(xiàng)目（2018JJXM057）