目的 比較吉姆薩、巴氏和邵氏染色在大鼠陰道脫落細(xì)胞中的染色效果以及對正確判斷動情周期的影響，確定最佳染色方法。方法 對11～12周齡的SD大鼠連續(xù)15 d每天上午同一時間采用灌洗法進(jìn)行陰道涂片，使用吉姆薩、巴氏和邵氏染色液進(jìn)行染色，觀察染色效果，并對三種染色方法的靈敏度、特異度和正確率進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)果 吉姆薩染色的細(xì)胞顏色單一，不利于分辯各細(xì)胞類型。巴氏和邵氏染色的細(xì)胞顏色豐富，可將不同角化程度的細(xì)胞染成不同顏色，更有助于動情周期的準(zhǔn)確判斷，且邵氏較巴氏更易于上色；和吉姆薩和巴氏染色相比，邵氏染色靈敏度、特異度最高，而且閱片結(jié)果的正確率也是最高。結(jié)論 邵氏染色法能更好地反應(yīng)細(xì)胞的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，有利于正確的判斷大鼠動情周期，且染色過程耗時少，閱片時間短，是一種具有良好實用性的大鼠陰道涂片染色方法。

Objestive To compare the staining effect of Giemsa,Papanicolaou and Shorr staining solution in rat vaginal exfoliated cells and its effect on the correct judgment of estrous cycle, and to determine an optimal staining method for judging estrous cycle. Methods The vaginal smears of 11-12 week old SD rats were carried out by lavage at the same time every day for 15 days. Giemsa, Papanicolaou and Shorr staining solutions were used to observe the staining effect, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the three staining methods were compared. Results The cell color of Giemsa staining was single, which was not conducive to distinguishing the cell types. The cells stained by Papanicolaou and Shorr staining were rich in color, which can dye the cells with different keratosis degrees into different colors, which was more helpful to the accurate judgment of estrous cycle, and Shorr staining was easier to color than Papanicolaou staining. Compared with Giemsa and Papanicolaou staining, Shorr staining had the highest sensitivity and specificity, and the correct rate of reading results was also the highest. Conclusion Shorr staining can better reflect the morphology and structure of cells, which is helpful to correctly judge the estrous cycle of rats, and the staining process takes less time and the reading time is short. It is a practical staining method for rat vaginal smear.

R965

國家科技重大新藥創(chuàng)制項目（2015ZX09501004）