目的 測(cè)定地龍、土鱉蟲、九香蟲、蜂房4種動(dòng)物源性藥材中無(wú)機(jī)元素，并探索其元素量變規(guī)律。方法 采用微波消解法對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行前處理，電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜（ICP-MS）法對(duì)地龍、土鱉蟲、九香蟲、蜂房中鈹（Be）、釩（V）、鈷（Co）、鎳（Ni）、鎵（Ga）、硒（Se）、銣（Rb）、鍶（Sr）、銀（Ag）、銫（Cs）、鈾（U）、銅（Cu）、砷（As）、鎘（Cd）、汞（Hg）和鉛（Pb）16種無(wú)機(jī)元素進(jìn)行測(cè)定，并采用元素指紋圖譜直觀分析、元素主成分分析、偏最小二乘判別分析、聚類分析對(duì)元素含量差異性進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果 16種無(wú)機(jī)元素的線性關(guān)系良好（R>0.996），回收率為87.4～113.0%。4種動(dòng)物藥中檢測(cè)了16種無(wú)機(jī)元素含量，并繪制無(wú)機(jī)元素指紋圖譜，發(fā)現(xiàn)其譜圖具有一定的特征性，4種動(dòng)物藥中As、Cd和Pb殘留量較高，有害無(wú)機(jī)元素的量超標(biāo)應(yīng)引起關(guān)注。通過(guò)主成分分析、偏最小二乘法判別分析、聚類分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)不同樣品元素之間含量變異均能呈現(xiàn)出明顯特征，并以此可區(qū)分不同種類的動(dòng)物藥。結(jié)論 通過(guò)無(wú)機(jī)元素在4種動(dòng)物藥中的組成分布及其量的變化規(guī)律研究，為動(dòng)物藥的質(zhì)量控制及安全性評(píng)價(jià)提供依據(jù)，同時(shí)為動(dòng)物藥重金屬形態(tài)價(jià)態(tài)研究提供基礎(chǔ)參考。

Objective Determine the inorganic elements in animal medicines of earthworm, soil locust, aspongopus, hive and explore the law of their quantity variation. Methods These samples were pretreated by microwave digestion. ICP-MS was used to detect Be, V, Co, Ni, Ga, Se, Rb, Sr, Ag, Cs, U, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, Pb in four animal medicines, and differences in the content of elements for element fingerprint analysis, element principal component analysis, partial least square discriminant analysis, and cluster analysis. Results Totally 16 kinds of inorganic elements linearly good (R>0.996), the recovery rate was 87.4% to 113.0%. The content of 16 inorganic elements was detected in four animal drugs, and the fingerprints of inorganic elements were drawn. The spectrum of the elements was found to have certain characteristics. The residual amounts of As, Cd and Pb in the four animal drugs were higher. Excessive amounts of harmful inorganic elements should cause concern. Through PCA, PLS-DA, and cluster analysis, it was found that the variation of content between different sample elements can show obvious characteristics, and can distinguish different kinds of animal drugs. Conclusion Through the study of the composition and distribution of inorganic elements in four animal drugs, and providing a basis for the quality control and safety evaluation of animal drugs, and providing a basic reference for the study of the morphological state of heavy metals in animal drugs.

R913

國(guó)家十二五“重大新藥創(chuàng)制”課題（2014ZX09304307-002）；吉林省省級(jí)醫(yī)藥健康產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展專項(xiàng)（20180311026YY）