目的 分別建立異丙腎上腺素（ISO）和精氨酸血管加壓素（AVP）誘導(dǎo)的大鼠心肌損傷模型，并將兩種模型進行比較。方法 分別建立雄性SD大鼠AVP、ISO心肌損傷模型，ISO模型組大鼠按30 mg/kg的劑量以多點sc方式給藥，連續(xù)2 d，1次/d；AVP模型組大鼠尾iv精氨酸血管加壓素0.05 mg/kg。超聲測量心功能，監(jiān)測大鼠心電圖，測量大鼠血清中心鈉素（ANP）、腦利鈉肽（BNP）、乳酸脫氫酶（LDH）、肌酸激酶（CK）、天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶（AST）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的水平，并對大鼠心臟進行HE染色，觀察切片。結(jié)果 AVP模型組大鼠心電圖ST段較對照組顯著上升（P<0.05），ISO模型組大鼠心電圖紊亂且短期內(nèi)不能恢復(fù)。超聲結(jié)果顯示，與對照組比較，ISO和AVP模型組大鼠的左心室舒張末期內(nèi)徑（LVDd）和左心室收縮末期內(nèi)徑（LVDs）顯著增加（P<0.05），射血分數(shù)（EF）顯著下降（P<0.05），E/A下降至1以下。AVP和ISO模型組大鼠ANP水平均顯著高于對照組（P<0.01）；ISO模型組大鼠BNP水平顯著高于對照組（P<0.01）。AVP和ISO模型組大鼠CK、LDH、AST水平均顯著高于對照組（P<0.05），ISO模型組大鼠CK、LDH水平均顯著高于AVP模型組（P<0.05）；ISO模型組大鼠SOD含量顯著低于對照組（P<0.05）。HE染色結(jié)果顯示，對照組心肌細胞結(jié)構(gòu)清晰排列緊密，AVP模型組心肌細胞出現(xiàn)細胞核溶解和空泡變性，ISO模型組出現(xiàn)心肌組織纖維化和炎細胞浸潤。結(jié)論 ISO和AVP誘導(dǎo)的大鼠心肌損傷模型均有明顯的心臟病理性改變，且前者對大鼠心肌的損傷的程度較大，初步判斷可能是由于缺氧時間更長造成的。

Objective To establish rat models of myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol (ISO) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), and compare the two models. Methods The AVP and ISO myocardial injury models of male SD rats were established respectively. The rats in the ISO model group were administrated in the form of multi-point sc at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 2 consecutive days, once a day; the rats in the AVP model group were administrated in the form of iv arginine vasopressin 0.05 mg/kg. The cardiac function was measured by ultrasonic cardiogram. The ECG was monitored. The levels of ANP, BNP, CK, LDH, AST and SOD in serum were determined. The hearts of the rats were HE stained and the sections of the hearts were observed. Results The ST segment of ECG in AVP group was lower than that in normal group (P<0.05), and the ECG in ISO group was disordered and could not recover in a short time. The results of UCG showed that compared with cotroll group, LVDd and LVDS in AVP group and ISO group increased (P<0.05), FS% (P<0.05) and E/A decreased. ANP level in AVP group and ISO group was higher than that in control group (P<0.01); BNP level in ISO group was also higher than that in control group (P<0.01). The levels of CK, LDH and AST in AVP and ISO model group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), the levels of CK and LDH in ISO model group were significantly higher than those in AVP model group (P<0.05), and the content of SOD in ISO model group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results of HE staining showed that the structure of myocardial cells in the normal group was clear and closely arranged, myocardial cells in the AVP group showed nucleolysis and vacuolar degeneration, and myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration appeared in the ISO group. Conclusion The myocardial injury models induced by ISO and AVP have obvious cardiac pathological changes, and the former caused more severe myocardial injury, which may be caused by longer hypoxia.

R965.1

天津市科技計劃項目（18YFCZZC00430、17PTSYJC00090、17JCZDJC33200）