神經(jīng)毒性是藥物安全性評價的重要方面。體外模型相比較體內(nèi)動物實驗在藥物高通量篩選、分子機制研究、檢測分析技術(shù)應(yīng)用上具有顯著優(yōu)勢。至今，研究和評價藥物神經(jīng)毒性的體外模型主要包括原代神經(jīng)細胞培養(yǎng)、神經(jīng)細胞系培養(yǎng)、誘導(dǎo)神經(jīng)干細胞分化模型，三維細胞培養(yǎng)模型等。這些體外模型的復(fù)雜程度、對藥物的敏感性及檢測方法不盡相同。概述各種神經(jīng)毒性體外模型的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域及研究進展，提出了神經(jīng)毒性體外評價模型研究應(yīng)用中存在的問題及今后的發(fā)展方向。

Neurotoxicity assessment represents an important aspect of drug safety evaluation. In vitro models compared with in vivo animal experiments have several significant advantages in high-throughput drug screening, molecular mechanism research, application of detection and analysis technology. Up to now, the in vitro models for studying and evaluating drug-induced neurotoxicity mainly include primary neural cell culture, neuronal cell line culture, induced neural stem cell differentiation model, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, etc. These in vitro models are different in complexity, sensitivity to drugs, and detection methods. In this paper, we summarized the application fields and research progress of various in vitro models for evaluating neurotoxicity, and put forward the problems and future development directions in the research and application of in vitro models of neurotoxicity evaluation.

十三五重大新藥創(chuàng)制專項課題“創(chuàng)新藥物非臨床安全性評價研究關(guān)鍵技術(shù)”（2018ZX09201017）